INTRODUCTION TO NETWORK INFRASTRUCTURE ADMINISTRATION

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INTRODUCTION TO NETWORK INFRASTRUCTURE
ADMINISTRATION

• Chapter 1

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CHAPTER INTRODUCTION

• Describe the network infrastructure design
  process
• Understand the security ramifications of network
  design decisions
• List the tasks involved in maintaining a network
  infrastructure
• Select the appropriate data-link and
  network/transport layer protocols for a given
  environment
• Plan locations for workstations, peripherals,
  cables, connectivity devices, and servers on your
  network

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NETWORK INFRASTRUCTURE DESIGN OVERVIEW

• Select the hardware and software components that
  will make up the network infrastructure
• Determine the specific location for each
  component
• Specify how each component will be installed and
  configured

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NETWORK DESIGN COMPONENTS

• Physical Infrastructure
• Logical Infrastructure

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PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE

• Topology
• Cabling
• Network Devices (routers, hubs, switches)

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LOGICAL INFRASTRUCTURE

• Software elements including
• Network communication Protocols
• Security protocols
• Network routing protocols

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DETERMINING NETWORK REQUIREMENTS

• Evaluating user requirements
• Designing security

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IMPLEMENTING A NETWORK INFRASTRUCTURE

• Installation of physical components
• Deployment of server operating systems
• Configuration of services

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NETWORK INFRASTRUCTURE SECURITY OVERVIEW

• Estimating security risks
• Specifying security requirements
• Selecting security features
• Implementing security policies
• Designing security deployments
• Specifying security management policies

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DETERMINING SECURITY REQUIREMENTS

• Determine responsibilities for designing,
  implementing, and maintaining the security
  policies.
• Assign responsibilities to technical and
  management staff.
• Consider economic issues and the effect of
  security policies on employee productivity and
  morale.

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MAPPING OUT A SECURITY LIFECYCLE

• Designing a security infrastructure
• Implementing security features
• Ongoing security management

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NETWORK INFRASTRUCTURE MAINTENANCE OVERVIEW

• Deploying Software Updates
• Monitoring Network Performance
• Troubleshooting Network Problems

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SELECTING PROTOCOLS

• What is a protocol?
• This slide asks the question What is a
  protocol? Although students should have this
  knowledge, they may not be able to fully explain
  what a protocol does. The standard student answer
  to this question is that a protocol allows two
  devices on a network to communicate. While this
  is true, protocols actually dictate
• The way in which data is formatted for transport
  across the network
• The method by which computers exchange messages
• Recovery methods for incomplete transmissions or
  corrupted messages

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UNDERSTANDING THE OSI REFERENCE MODEL
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SELECTING DATA-LINK LAYER PROTOCOLS

• The Data-Link layer protocol defines
• Physical layer implementation
• Media access method
• Speed of the network

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SELECTING A MEDIA TYPE

• Unshielded Twisted Pair
• Fiber Optic
• Wireless Networking

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CHOOSING AN ETHERNET VARIANT

• Standard Ethernet10Mbps
• UTP
• Fast Ethernet100Mbps
• UTP, Fiber Optic
• Gigabit Ethernet1000Mbps
• UTP, Fiber Optic

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USING TOKEN RING

• Has maximum speed of 16Mbps
• Uses token passing media access control mechanism
• Uses connectivity devices called multistation
  access units (MAU)

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MIXING MEDIA

• Means routers and switches can accommodate more
  than one media type.
• Allows higher speed media like fiber optic to be
  implemented on high demand network segments such
  as backbones.
• Enables the most appropriate media to be used for
  a specific purpose.

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SELECTING NETWORK/TRANSPORT LAYER PROTOCOLS

• Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol
  (TCP/IP)
• Internetwork Packet Exchange (IPX)
• NetBIOS Extended User Interface (NetBEUI)

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USING TCP/IP

• Protocol used on the Internet
• Almost universal support
• Complex addressing

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USING IPX

• Proprietary technology
• Routable
• Implemented as NWLink on Windows networks

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USING NETBEUI

• Designed for small networks
• Not routable
• Proprietary

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LOCATING PHYSICAL RESOURCES

• Workstations
• Peripherals
• Cables
• Connectivity devices
• Servers

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DETERMINING LOCATION CRITERIA

• Access for users
• Access for technical staff
• Security of devices and data
• Environmental considerations (noise, heat, etc.)

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LOCATING WORKSTATIONS

• Where are users located?
• What kind of computers do they use?

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LOCATING PERIPHERALS

• Printers
• Scanners

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LOCATING CABLES

• Internal Inside walls, ceiling spaces, risers.
• External Along walls or door frames.

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LOCATING CONNECTIVITY DEVICES

• Hubs, Switches, Patch Panels, Routers
• Network constraints
• Security
• Noise

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LOCATING SERVERS

• Proximity to users
• Security
• Controlled environment

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CHAPTER SUMMARY

• A network infrastructure is a set of components
  that provide connectivity, security, management,
  access, and other integral features on a network.
  
• Maintaining a network infrastructure includes
  deploying software updates, monitoring network
  performance, and troubleshooting problems.
• Selecting a data-link layer protocol is primarily
  a matter of choosing an appropriate network
  medium and transmission speed.

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CHAPTER SUMMARY (CONT.)

• TCP/IP is the industry standard protocol suite at
  the network and transport layers. Windows Server
  2003 also supports NWLink IPX/SPX compatible
  transport and NetBEUI.
• Determining the appropriate location for network
  components is a critical part of the network
  infrastructure planning process.