Water

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Water
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The Hydrologic Cycle
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Surface Water, Bosnia
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Water and Human Life

• The biggest single cause of infant mortality
  worldwide is diarrhea from contaminated water
• Many in Third World think infant diarrhea is
  normal
• Women in developing countries spend up to 1/3 of
  their time getting water
• Water-borne parasites

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Ground Water

• Mostly confined to permeable rocks called
  aquifers
• Surface deposits
• Porous rocks sandstone
• Fractured rocks limestone
• Underground Streams are rare, short, and small
• Your well does not get its water from an
  underground river.

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Aquifers

• Water gets in from the surface at the recharge
  zone
• Boundary of water-saturated rocks is the water
  table or piezometric surface
• Intersects surface at springs, swamps and ponds
• Special types
• Artesian (pressurized)
• Perched

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Misuse of Ground Water

• Contamination of Recharge Zone
• Excessive Drawdown
• Can dry out nearby wells or springs
• Can suck in salt or contaminated water
• Can cause land subsidence

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Green Bay Case Study Deep Aquifers of the Green
Bay Area
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Green Bay Piezometric Surface1957
1960
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Green Bay Piezometric Surface1957
2003
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The Russian Radioactive Waste Injection Program
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Center-Pivot Irrigation
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Center-Pivot Irrigation
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Some Places Have Too Much Water
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Soluble Rocks
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Open-channel aquifers (caverns, open fractures,
etc.) are very fragile because contaminants can
move quickly over long distances(Door County)