Age of Absolutism

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Durant

• Royal absolutism, which was the cause of civil
  war in England, was the effect of civil war in
  France.

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Henry IV The First Bourbon King

• The Savoir of France
• The head of the Huguenots in France
• His Marriage to Marguerite de Valois lead to the
  St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre the war of the
  Three Henrys
• Restored Industry and a stable economy to France.
• Assassinated by an unstable Jesuit.
• Most beloved King of France Henry the Great

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Henry III
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Henry IV
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Louis XIII
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Queen Regent Marie de Medicis
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Age of Absolutism

• Louis XIII Cardinal Richelieu is his top
  advisor, but is really the power behind the
  throne
• Richelieus skill in foreign affairs makes France
  the greatest power in Europe and laid a strong
  foundation for Frances future greatness
• Cardinal Richelieu dies in 1642 and one year
  later Louis XIII dies.

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Age of Absolutism

• Other accomplishments of Richelieu
• Pioneer of religious toleration
• Freed France from Spanish domination over them
• Broke the power of the Hapsburgs
• Saved German Protestantism
• Left a unified and strong France

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Louis XIV - 1670
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Age of Absolutism

• Louis XIV Cardinal Mazarin is his top advisor
  during XIVs minority.
• Mazarin is faced with a series of uprisings
  called Fronde. This uprising of nobles was put
  down and their power was further reduced. He
  also was able to bring about the Treaty of
  Westphalia that ended the 30 Yrs. War.

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Age of Absolutism

• Louis the XIV Age of French Power What did he
  do?
• 1. He ruled as an absolute monarch over the
  greatest state in Europe(World)
• 2. He crushed the nobility by surrounding himself
  with them Bureaucracy Had the Intendants keep
  an eye on them.

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Age of Absolutism

• 3. Estates General - Could only be summoned by
  the King.
• 4. Parlements French Courts Enforced the laws
  but did not make them.
• 5. Louis oversaw the economy and instituted a
  wide range of economy reforms through his finance
  minister, Colbert. Mercantilism
• 6. Expanded Frances overseas holdings.

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Age of Absolutism

• 6. Louis was absolute in matters of religion. In
  1685 in revoked the Edict of Nantes. Many
  Huguenots fled to other lands taking their skills
  and knowledge and enriching Frances enemies.
• 7. Louis squandered the resources of his realm in
  passion for military conquest.

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Age of Absolutism

• 7. Continued Wanted France to attain its
  natural boundaries eastward to he Rhine River.
  It was at this time that the concept of the
  Balance of Power was developed.

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Age of Absolutism

• Was Louis XIV viewed as a tyrant ?
• NO Because
• 1. People viewed Absolutism as good.
• 2. The Church supported Absolutism.
• 3.Political Theorists supported Absolutism.

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Age of Absolutism

• French Bishop Bossuet (1627-1704)
• Defended absolutism by utilizing the Divine
  Right of Kings /Rogers 38
• Englishmen, Thomas Hobbes defended absolutism in
  his book ,Leviathan. He saw it as the only way to
  preserve peace and security. (English Civil War)

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Age of Absolutism

• Balance of Power
• The chief source of European Political Conflict
  was the Habsburg Family, the most powerful
  dynastic combination in Europe. They held
  Austria, Spain the LowlandsBelgium, Luxembourg
  the Netherlands. They were sworn defenders of
  Roman Catholicism.

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Age of Absolutism

• The War of Spanish Succession
• Last war of Louis XIVs reign France wanted to
  put a French Prince on the throne of Hapsburg
  Spain.
• The Treaty of Utrecht settled the conflict One
  of the terms of the agreement was that the
  British got the Gibraltar and the Island of
  Minorca.

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Age of Absolutism

• What manner of man was Louis
• Boastful
• Proud
• Never know for his Modesty
• He had as his symbol the Sun and he is best
  illustrated by his Palace at Versailles.

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Versailles
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Fountain at Versailles
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Gardens at Versailles
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Fountains Gardens
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Hall of Mirrors
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Statue of Louis XIV
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Queens Bedchamber
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Kings Throne Room
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Salon at Versailles
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Salon at Versailles
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Palace of Trianon
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Gardens at Trianon
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Trianon
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