Climate

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Climate Energy Initiatives Ocean Observation
Modeling
Today How can the ocean observation modeling
be an enabling contribution to the RU Climate
Energy Initiatives that will transform Rutgers
This is especially relevant because l The
exciting evolution of the Earth-Ocean-Planetary
Science l Development of RU Energy Institute l
RU Engineering/Marine Science Building a Center
for Science Technology Excellence in Urban
Fingerprints in the Coastal Ocean l Expansion
of a marine science extension l NSF COSSEE NOW
and Marine Science Graduate School of Education
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A Framework for Research Investments in Ocean
Science for the coming Decade

• Theme 1 Stewardship of Natural and
• Cultural Resources
• Theme 2 Increasing Resilience to Natural
• Hazards
• Theme 3 Enabling Marine Operations
• Theme 4 The Oceans Role in Climate
• Change
• Theme 5 Improving Ecosystem Health
• Theme 6 Enhancing Human Health

• Three Central Elements
• Ocean Observing System
• Forecast Models for Key Ocean and
  Ocean-Influenced Processes
• Scientific Support for Ecosystem Based Management

http//ocean.ceq.gov/about/sup_jsost_prioritiespla
n.html
Deploying an ocean-observation system will
revolutionize the access to and view of the ocean
and increase the pace, efficiency, and scope of
ocean research.
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US has thrived because of cheap energy and great
technical pool of scientists and engineers. This
is at risk, we must deal with energy
independence/security and inspire the next
generation of scientists/engineers
The RU Energy Institute goals Integrate the
myriad energy related activities across the
Rutgers campuses, and to foster collaborative and
interactive projects which address solutions to
the nation's energy problems Advise federal and
state decision makers and policy planners,
industry, and the population at large on climate
science, energy technologies, and policy
options Help the administration of the
university develop a cutting edge research,
educational, and outreach program to provide
objective information about energy
options Develop a forum for exploring
alternative energy sources and the barriers to
energy independence
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Three Commonalities
Forecasts
Scientific Understanding
Observations
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Rutgers has one of the most extensive coastal
observational test-bed in the world
Mission Planning
Operations Communications Station
Glider Fleet
A Stommel View of the Ocean WWW Interactive
3-D
L-Band X-Band Satellite Systems
CODAR Network
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Access to the International Constellation of
Satellites United States (MODIS, SeaWiFS),
Indian (OCM), Chinese (FY1D) Soon to come
European MERIS
Chinese Systems
Development of New Satellite Products
Ocean Biotic Provinces
US systems
Inherent Optical Properties
Indian Systems
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Rutgers Interfaces to the Mid Atlantic CODAR Data
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A Global subsurface presence
110 Missions around the world As of 1900 PM Jul.
19, 2007 31,168 km flown 246657 casts 1602 days
at sea
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The Role of the Oceans in the Earths Climate

• The Mid-Atlantic Bight
• Experiences Some of the
• Largest Temperature
• Differences in the World
• Summer to Winter
• Top to Bottom
• Migratory Fish Species
• Have Evolved
• Most Urbanized
• U.S. Coast
• Is getting
• Fresher
• Warmer with
• Global Change

Needs Understanding Monitoring
Forecasting
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Near Term Priority Assessing Meridional
Overturning Circulation Variability Implications
for Rapid Climate Change

• National Program
• Ocean Observations
• Nowcasting
• Decadal Forecasting
• Past Reconstructions
• Impact Assessments

Tropical Atmosphere Ocean Array
Establish the basis for a long-term monitoring
system over the next 2-5 years to provide the
data to challenge and improve climate models.
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Near Term Priority Changes in the Polar Oceans?
The Plan
Partners Nansen Center, U. Trondhiem, U.
Bergen Funders Shell Oil, Norwegian Navy, RHQNN
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Side Scan Sonar
Thanks to Mark Moline
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Near Term Priority Changes in the Polar Oceans?
Partners MBL, Lamont, VIMS, Scripps, Polar
Research, WHOI Funder NSF
Antarctica 22 January, 2007
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Near term Priority Water Quality and Stewardship
Now, Rutgers University and Monmouth County
experts are looking at the links between winds,
currents and water cleanliness. And they'd like
eventually to try to forecast beach water
quality. "We're seeing that wind direction and
current direction (appear) to be very important,"
said William Simmons, environmental health
coordinator in the Monmouth County Health
Department. Front page article in the Asbury
Park Press Sunday July 28, 2007
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Near Term Priority Forecasting the Response of
Coastal Ecosystems To Persistent Forcing and
Extreme Events
Tropical Storm Ernesto Sep 1, 2006
Katrina Forecast for Fri, Aug 26
Katrina Forecast for Mon, Aug 29
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Near Term Priority Enabling Marine Operations
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Rutgers Observatory Site Visit 6 October 2005

• CNO(N7C) Site Visit to LEO Why were here

LEO
LBSFI
LEO goal is to develop a real-time capability
for rapid environmental assessment and
physical/biological forecasting in coastal
waters.
LBSFI Transforms the warfighters ability to
leverage environmental Battlespace Awareness for
smart asset / sensor placement and operational
effectiveness end-to-end integration of
in-littoral sensors into FORCEnet, including
cohesive, net-centric information flow to
tactical users. 287 M Initiative
2008-2012
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Mid-Atlantic Testbed for Navy Areas of Interest
Internal Waves in Glider SAR Data
Summer-Winter SST Difference
Data for Discovery
Process Models for Understanding
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Near Term Priority 3 Enabling Marine Operations
Coast Guard Search and Rescue
Ports Operations

• Real-time current observations
• (ADCPs, CODAR) for nowcasting
• and forecasting
• 1) Water Level
• 2) Currents
• 3) Salinity

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Near Term Priority Comparative Analysis of
Marine Ecosystem Organization

• Forecasting requires understanding of
• Productivity of Various Trophic Levels
• Predator-Prey Relations
• Connectedness of Subpopulations
• Impacts of Natural Climate Variation
• Anthropogenic Pressures

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Near Term Priority Comparative Analysis of
Marine Ecosystem Organization
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Near Priority Human Health
Rutgers - UMDNJ
Magnified Pine Pollen Grains
How we usually see pine pollen
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• Challenges and Opportunities

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Near Term Priority New Sensors for Marine
Ecosystems
NEEDS FOR COMMUNITY SENSORS Rapid Progress on
Bio-Optics
Hyperspectral Absorption
Apparent Optical Properties
Inherent Optical Properties
Photosynthetic Efficiency
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This leads to unique science culture, where
several experiments, training and education
efforts are conducted at the same time.
AFTERNOON ON EAST COAST OF UNITED STATES Late
afternoon on the East Coast of United States,
student interns test ocean robot sensors
Summer 2006 Glider Training Projects
Glider Jane OSU/RU Engineer Exchange
Bioprobe Student Team Kristy (URI) Christi
(RU)
Glider Cameras John Roberts
RIOS Students Rosa Leon (PR) John Roberts
(GA) Christi Welter (CO)
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Smart Glider flying and coordinating the fleets
of systems
How do you fly networks of smart systems? APPLY
Gaming technology Dealing with local constraints,
global goal, and the environment Goals as
attractors, constraints as repellers, all robots
can have different behaviors
Metaxas, Kremer, Parashar (RU Engineering)
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Near Term Priority New Platforms for Marine
Ecosystems
Need to quadruple the lifetime The stretch
glider
A longer payload bay possible because of modular
Slocum design -longer payload bay adds room for
batteries, science payload Stretch glider can be
converted from normal Slocum to stretch glider in
a few days Two Flight tests so far -after
first test showed glider flew normally, provided
data for trimming static weights in hull
Funded by Private Donor excited about long
duration missions
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Glider Long Duration Mission Planning HYCOM
Global Model
This example Glider branches /- 30, /- 60
degrees every 2 days 23 days to destination 400
km gained
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Long Duration Flights to Inspire Student
Participation in STEM Subjects
Sponsors NOAA Ocean Exploration - to inspire
students ONR - to provide sustained
access denied areas Rutgers Alumni - to
provide opportunities for Rutgers undergrads
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Gathering Storm Exciting the next generation

• K-12 education
• Professional development programs (MARE)
• Informal learning centers (LSC)
• Undergraduate education (COS, USNA)
• Graduate education (U. Bergen)

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Opportunities for global leap-frog technology to
be coastal ARGOS
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Opportunities moving forward State
Public Health Water Quality
Alternative Energy Offshore Winds
Now, Rutgers University and Monmouth County
experts are looking at the links between winds,
currents and water cleanliness. And they'd like
eventually to try to forecast beach water
quality. "We're seeing that wind direction and
current direction (appear) to be very important,"
said William Simmons, environmental health
coordinator in the Monmouth County Health
Department. Front page article in the Asbury
Park Press Sunday July 28, 2007
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Opportunities moving forward Federal

• Scientific Research
• Applied Research
• Rapid Environmental Assessment
• Calibration/Validation
• Homeland Security

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Opportunities moving forward International
Norway United Kingdom France Spain Portugal Cyprus
Canada Japan China Taiwan Australia
Collaborations bringing ocean observing
technology and application to under-developed
countries
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• For Today
• What are some of the great challenges and
  campaigns we should tackle with the great
  resources at Rutgers?
• How can enable the climate and energy
  initiatives?
• What are strengths, gaps to fill, and synergies
  to grow?
• After lunch we would like to have people propose
  future efforts, and opportunities.