34'060 Farm Machinery

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34.060 Farm Machinery
Safe Operation of Farm Machinery
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Why are agriculture workers at risk of injury?

• Farm machines perform a wide range of tasks
• tillage
• seeding
• harvesting
• material handling.
• chemical application
• Extensive use of chemicals on the farm
• Long hours on the job

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Hospitalized Farm Machinery Injuries1990 - 1996
(2595 Cases)

• Entanglement 774
• Struck, pinned or runover 658
• Runover 260
• Fall from a machine then runover 141
• Rollover 132
• Struck by an object 80
• Other 99
• Unknown 132

Rollovers are the leading cause of fatal farm
injuries in Canada!
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Hazard Recognition and Hazard Types
Hazard Type Description 1. Pinch
Point Areas where moving parts close
together 2. Entanglement Components that catch
clothing, arms, or legs and wrap around or
pull you in. 3. Sharp Edges Blades that cut
or shear 4. Crush Point Components that close
together trapping a hand, arm, foot or
leg. 5. Visibility Due to obstructions observed
on the machine
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Hazard Recognition and Hazard Types(Continued)
Hazard Type Description 6. Thrown
Objects Machine components that pick and throw
objects with great force for some
distance 7. Energy Release Energy that can be
released suddenly or not controlled 8.
Falling Caused by slippery, cluttered surfaces,
riding on machines 9. Speed Highway or
field travel may cause hazards 10. Work
Environment Extremes of heat and cold or
environmental quality that affects the
operator
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Hazard Recognition and Hazard Types(Continued)
Hazard Type Description 11. Cumulative
Trauma Noise, vibration, and repetitive motion
that causes nerve and muscle damage 12.
Chemicals Liquids and gases used on machines
that can be harmful 13. Run Over Machines
can run over and crush people beneath
them 14. Roll Over Tractors or other machines
when pushed to their limits can overturn
onto the operator
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Grain Auger
The most dangerous machines on todays farm!

• Main risk areas
• 1. Instability / Upsets
• Keep auger in the lowered position. Otherwise,
  the center of gravity will make it less stable

Never move a grain auger in operation, turn it
off before moving it
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Grain Auger(Continued)

• 2. Flight / Drive Entanglement
• Prevent contact with the drive system while in
  operation
• Be familiar with all hazards associated with the
  machine
• 3. Overhead Power Line Contact
• Assess the area for overhead power lines before
  moving an auger
• Before raising an auger, a safe clearance of
  about 3m (10 ft) is needed
• 4. Hoisting Mechanism Failure
• It must be checked regularly
• Secure all clamps and locking pins to avoid a
  collapse of the auger

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Two kinds of elevator collapse-type accidents
A) Upend Accident
B) Cable or winch failure
No one should be permitted to stand under a
grain auger
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Tractors

• Rollovers, the leading cause of fatal accidents
  on the farm!
• recognize hazards
• understand the consequences of hazards
• known how to avoid hazards

By practicing hazards recognition, injuries and
illnesses can be avoided
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Guidelines to Minimize Tractor Accidents
Rollover results from - steep sloping
terrain - unstable ground - excessive load on
the hitch 1. To minimized injuries on a
rollover - use seat belts - use rollover
protection bars
2. On a curve or slope - avoid high speed
stability of the tractor may
be lost.
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Guidelines to Minimize Tractor Accidents(Continue
d)
3. Avoid ditches, embankments, and deep
holes
4. Maintain a no seat, no rider policy
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Guidelines to Minimize Tractor Accidents(Continue
d)
5. Rollover runover are the most causes of
serious accidents on the farm -Avoid sudden
moves starts stops jerky turns
-Be alert of the surroundings
6. Use caution when driving on Public Roads
- Be alert of the traffic - Be courteous and
defensive - On the machine Use
slow moving vehicle emblems
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Guidelines to Minimize Tractor Accidents(Continue
d)
7. Hitch to the drawbar and hitch points -
hitching above the normal drawbar
tractor may tip over backwards
8. When a tractor is stopped - brakes must
be set securely - the park lock should be
used
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Day and Night Warning Signals
Day Travel - Slow-Moving Vehicle Emblem -
Reflectors - Flags Night Travel - Head
Lamps - Warning Lamps - Tail Lamps - Turning
Signals
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Work-related farm fatalities involving tractors
by mechanism (1990-1996)
Mechanism Number of Deaths Runovers
79 Unspecified rollovers 67 Sideways
rollover 40 Backward rollover 39 Pinned or
struck by machine 32 Motor vehicle collision
29 Fall from a tractor 11 Entanglement
9 Other 14 Total 320
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Farm Safety for Kids

• Children must have a safe, easily supervised play
  area
• Hazards should be securely fenced and chemicals
  kept locked away
• Spare equipment should be stored securely
• Keep aggressive animals in childproof enclosures
• Dont allow child passengers
• Children should never help with
• hazardous machinery
• dangerous animals
• dangerous chemical

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Equipment for Anhydrous Ammonia
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What is Anhydrous Ammonia (AA)?

• Its a chemical compressed into a colorless
  liquid to be used as fertilizer
• Expands into a gas and is absorbed in the soil
  moisture
• When combine with the moisture of the body
• causes rapid dehydration
• burns the skin severely
• Hot weather increases the vapor pressure of AA
  in the tank

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Personal Protection When Handling AA

• Wear a heavy-duty long sleeved shirt
• Chemical proof goggles
• Rubber gloves
• Emergency first aid water tank with clean
• water

• Skin exposed to ammonia
• should be flush immediately
• with water
• Remove contaminated clothes
• as soon as possible

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Hoses and other Equipment
Hoses are the weakest links in the ammonia
handling system - Check hoses carefully before
each use
Carry the hose by the valve body or coupling
- reduces the chance of opening the valve
by accident
Maintain break away couplers in good condition
- they provide protection if the equipment
separates by accident
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AA Tank Holder
85 fill bleeder valve should be open - to
check the liquid level when filling
Fill only to the 85 level of capacity of the tank
AA tanks should be painted white - to prevent
rusting - to keep inside pressure and
temperature down in warm weather
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AA wagons towed on a public road must be equipped
with vehicle emblems

• Slow moving vehicle
• DOT placard
• non-flammable gas
• Content of the tank
• warning signs

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First Response To An Accident

• Know what to do, stay calm
• Wash the affected area with water
• this is the best emergency measure to use when
  skin or eyes are exposed to NH3
• Wash area exposed for at least 15 minutes
• Contaminated clothing should be removed quickly
  and carefully
• Thaw clothing frozen to the skin area with
  abundant amounts of water
• Do not apply anything except water for the first
  24 hours
• Stay warm and get to a physician immediately

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Defective Equipment

• Should be tagged
• Taken out of service
• Repaired by qualified personnel