Weathering and Erosion

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Weathering and Erosion

• Presented by Ms Haleys 2nd Hour

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Weathering and Erosion

• Presented by Ms. Haleys 2nd Hour class

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Weathering

• The way rock breaks up into smaller pieces

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Physical Weathering

• The way rocks break up in to smaller pieces
  without any chemical change.

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5 Kinds of Physical Weathering

• Abrasion -breaks jagged rocks in to smaller
  rounded rocks
• rebounding- rock deep beneath the earth move to
  surface

• Thermal expansion - is a result of freezing and
  thawing.
• Frost action-takes place when water enters
  cracks in rocks
• root action- roots of plaints work their way in
  to cracks in rocks

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Chemical Weathering

• Chemical is the ways in which rock breaks down by
  chemically changing some of the materials in the
  rock.

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4 Kinds of Chemical Weathering

• Living organisms- lichens ( the fungi ), and
  pioneer plant (acid, first to grow on Mt. )
• oxygen- air joins rock to dissolve it. Turns iron
  to rust.

• Carbonic acid-carbon dioxide water C.A.
  dissolves calcium carbonate
• Water-dissolves rocks, combines with certain
  minerals to form new compounds.

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Gravity

• Parts of slopes that slide down hill more or less
  in one piece is called a slump.
• .A slow down hill movement of loose rock or soil
  is called creep.
• Piles of rumble that forms at the base of cliffs
  is called talus.
• When rock and soil break loose from cliffs and
  rush down hill is called a landslide.

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Streams

• Meander-Winding, changing path traveled by old
  rivers.
• Mature River-Have eroded much of their
  surroundings, but has not worn it flat.
• Young River-Flow quickly through V-shaped
  canyons, and down steep slopes.
• Old River-End result of erosion process, its
  channels are wide and flat.

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Glaciers

• Parts of the glaciers are tributaries, crevasses,
  bedrock, snowfield, out wash plain and terminal
  moraine. The kinds of
  glaciers are valley and continental glaciers.
• The landforms that glaciers form are mountains
  and cirques. Glaciers contain ice and 75 fresh
  water.

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Waves

• Sea stacks Sea stacks are made by unequal
  erosion.The softer rock is worn away leaving
  harder rock which forms columns.
• Sea cliffs Sea cliffs are made when waves
  continuously pound the soft rock at the bottom of
  the slope.The rocks above are always tumbling
  down creating a sea cliff.
• Sea caves Waves hollow out sea cliffs.

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Wind

• Wind gusts can be so strong they can knock you
  over.
• Saltation- a bouncing motion
• A huge dust storm can carry about 900,000
  killigrams of rock pieces
• Erosion is caused by little rocks scraping
  against each other
• Its hard to breathe in wind or dirt storms
• Wind carries sand, dirt, and little rocks

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Formation of Soil

• Soil usually contains humus. Humus is made up of
  decaying animals, and the remains of dead plants.
• Humus is very important to soil because it is one
  of the nutrients needed for growing plants.
• Soil without humus is not fertile. Soil differs
  from the amount of humus it contains.