Slide Title

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The Theory of Biomedical Knowledge
Integration (BMKI)
Hanfei Bao Shanghai Univ. of TCM 201203
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Outlines(1)

• The theory of knowldge
• Two kinds of Knowledge
• Abstraction knowledge processing by
  mind
• Irreversibility between abstracting and
  embodying
• Formalization, quantization or
  meta-dimension-structing of Cconcepts and
  definitionsfor to more operationablility
• The Theory of Background Space of Knowledge (BSK)
• The theory of knowledge frame (TKF)

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Outlines(2)

• The theory on generalized digital virtual human
  body (GDVHB)
• The theory of data acquirement
• Beacon-Compass-strategy in BMKI
• Beacon-strategy in BMKI
• Compass-strategy in BMKI

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Outlines(3)

• The theory about ontology
• Conceptual ontology (CO)
• experimantal ontology (EO)
• Beacon-Compass-strategy in BMKI
• The basic formula of BMKI
• The basic cognitive launcher

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Life Systems---Masters of Physical Integration
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• Fig.1 The linking topology of the heart blood
  pump circles from molecular level to
  organ-integral level1.membrane potential circle
  2.circle of Ca between sarcoplasm and
  sarcoplasmic reticulum(by Ca pump)3.troponin
  and Ca combiningreleasing cirlce4.troponin
  molecular configuration change circle5.tropomyosi
  n molecular configuration change circle6.cross
  bridge and actin combining-bending-releasing
  circle 7.thick myofilament and thin myofilament
  sliding circle8.sarcomere contraction-expansion
  circle9.muscle fiber contraction-expansion
  circle10. muscle contraction-expansion
  circle11.blood pressure circle in
  ventricle12.open-close circle of
  atrio-ventricular valve13. blood pressure circle
  in atrium14. open-close circle of aortic
  valve15. blood pressure circle in aorta16.blood
  pump of heart.

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The Revised Story of Blind Men and Elephant
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• Fig A What the blind men imagined about the
  elephant before they doing knowledge integration
  B the elephant imagined by them afterwards.

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The Theory of Knowledge
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Two kinds of Knowledge

• Mental component describing the abstracted
  concepts independent of physical world, eg Point,
  line, circle, In Euclid Space
• Physical component describing the physical
  objects, eg the skin of the patient aurantium
  coloured,

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Two heterogenic parts taking part in thinking in
brain

• Endogenous or subjective or mental logic
• Exogenous or objective or substantial logic

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• The knowledge describing the physical world
  created by human curiosity is an endless one. And
  based on human curiosity, we cant talk about
  completeness, certainty, clarity, understanding,
  etc of knowledge, reasoning and integration.

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The theory of background space of knowledge (BSK)
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Abstraction knowledge processing by mind
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Irreversibility between abstracting and embodying
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Formalization, quantization or
meta-dimension-structing of Cconcepts and
definitionsfor to more operationablility
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• Definition 1 Knowledge Background
  Space(KBS)the total name of the things,
  depending on which the semantics of a knowledge
  unit. established. (eg for a formal system, they
  are common-accepted concepts, relationships,
  postulates, or axioms)

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• Definition 2 The cognitive goal The problem
  space plus the method or solution space that
  people are looking for and trying to resolve .
  Namely, the cognitive goal contains the
  followings to be determined (1)cognitive
  subjects (or carrier) or resources as called by
  RDF(2) the corresponding variables or
  properties of those subjects (3) the
  corresponding values of those variables or
  properties.

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• Definition 3 The triplet of information the
  most basic information unit or frame, constructed
  by Information Carrier, variable and value of
  variable, as presented by BMKI. Any kind of
  information or knowledge might be reduced or
  transformed at last into a triplet-like form.

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• Definition 4 The theory of determination by
  cognitive goal The theory on how the certainty,
  granularity or so called knowledge quantum are
  dependent of the cognitive goal, eg key-lock
  effective relation, etc

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• Definition 5 The conceptual ontology (CO)
  The specifications of a conceptualization, which
  have the conscious nature.

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• Definition 6 The experimental ontology (EO)
  The descriptions of a standard mapping, which are
  resulted from the physical and statistical
  experiments rather than determined consciously.

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• Definition 7 The Compass-beacon Ontology(
  CBO) The combination of CO and EO.

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• Other concepts and definitions
• The problem space/The method or solution
  space/The cognitive goal for the declarative data
  of the patient records(PRs) /Three kinds of
  attributes of data of patient record /Generalized
  data creator(GDC)( Type ? of GDC/Type ? of
  GDC/Type ? of GDC/Type ? of GDC/Type ? of
  GDC/Type ? of GDC/Type ? of GDC /Forward data
  for cognition /ackward data for cognition
  /Non-inclination or background data for cognition
  /The absolute granularity of knowledge / The
  relative granularity of knowledge/meta-relations
  or meta-dimensions /Euclidean-like-spaces(ELS)
  /quasi-infinity orinfinitesimal / Heterogeneous
  spaces / /

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The Theory of Background Space of Knowledge (BSK)
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Lovely baby (K) and its warm cradle (BSK)
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• So called BSK is a set of conditions,
  environments or prerequisites, depending on which
  the accurate semantics of a knowledge unit
  established.

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• Knowledge Background Space usually being hidden
  in subconsciousness

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On BSK(1)

• It is determined by a mental (ie non-material) or
  physical ( ie material) cognitive goal.

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On BSK(2)

• It is based on a set of dimensions, ie the
  basic definitions (concepts, units, etc) and
  attributes, relations, rules etc. Each of
  dimensions has its valid domain of value.

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On BSK(3)

• A complete BSK should have a set of
  necessary and sufficient (N-S) dimensions. The
  necessary dimensions (NDs) of a BSK are rather
  easy to be recognized, whereas the necessary and
  sufficient dimension set (NSDS) of it is more
  difficult to be met.

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The BSK of a software (AI system)
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• (?)Data Type (meta-dimensions, dimensions of
  variable, symbol-level things) string, time,
  integer, real number, matrix
• (?)Variable (dimensions) instances or objects
• (?)Operator(dimensions) relationships
• (?)Expressionthe high-frequency combinations of
  variables and relationships
• (?)Basic statementthe realizations of
  relationships
• (?)subprogram or function the high-frequency
  realizations of relationships
• (?)programcombination of combination of the
  realizations of relationships

(I), (ii), (iii) constitute the BSK
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The theory of knowledge frame (TKF)
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• KF is the base of domain ontology, thus TKF is
  the basic theory of domain ontology.
• KF reflects the high frequently occurred patterns
  for populations, might be construct-, function-
  and progress-natured.

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• The theory on levels of KFSome KFs determine
  other KFs.
• The existence frequence rights of KFs.

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Physical KFs of Bio-Medicine

• Normal KFs
• Abnormal KFs

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1.Examples for normal KFs

• (1)normal life KFs,eg Haeckel Law Ontogeny
  recapitulates phylogeny , life cycle KF embryo?
  infant? juvenile? youth? middle age? old age,

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The theory on generalized digital virtual human
body (GDVHB)
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• Sun-moon-stars cycling-like GDVHB

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The theory of data acquirement
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• The cognitive goal The problem space plus the
  method or solution space that people are looking
  for and trying to resolve .

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• The cognitive goal for the declarative data of
  the patient records (PRs) (1) Are there
  abnormalities exist in the patient (2)If exist,
  then what are they? (3) If exist but not
  certainly identified, then how to gain new
  information? (4) If exist and certainly or
  uncertainly identified, then how to treat them?

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• Generalized data creator (GDC)
• (1) being composed by two components, ie the
  generalized Observer or measurer and the
  generalized reader or estimator. (2)There may be
  differences in their cognitive validity between
  the data created by the different types of GDC.

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• Type ? of GDC refers to the non-human data
  acquirement tools such as the laboratory devices,
  equipments, reagents, etc. The data gained by
  this type of GDC are more objective or, in some
  cases, more accuracy. For example, blood urea
  nitrogen 7.14mmol/L, blood creatinine 88.4
  µmol/L, plasma total protein 55g/L, plasma
  albumin 28g/L, plasma globulin 27g/L, serum
  cholesterol 12.93 mmol/L
• Type ? of GDCthe measurements and estimations
  based on the sense-organ-levels of doctor,
  producing the data such as no yellowing of the
  skin, no abnormalities found in sense organs,
  etc.
• Type ? of GDC the measurements and estimations
  based on the psychological levels of doctor.

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• Type ? of GDC the measurements and estimations
  based on expertise of doctor
• Type ? of GDC the measurements and estimations
  based on the sense-organ-level of patients or
  their family members

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• Type ? of GDC the measurements and estimations
  based on the psychological levels of patients and
  their family members
• Type ? of GDC The measurements and estimations
  not clearly belonging to the types mentioned
  above or the types of GDC make no differences for
  the cognitive goals.

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Beacon-strategy in BMKI (1)

• The most empirical and experimental knowledge
  belonging to the type of know it is so,
  accepted conditionlessly the captain does not
  have to calculate the course of sailing, like
  dark sailing dependent of beacon (or island)

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Compass-strategy in BMKI (2)

• The logic or reasonable knowledge belonging to
  the type of know why it is so, the captain
  has to calculate the course of sailing according
  to wind-, water-flow, compass directions, etc.
  like dark sailing dependent of compass

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Beacon-Compass-strategy in BMKI (3)
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The basic formula of BMKI
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• where CBO is Compass-beacon Ontology, symbols
  -,x, mean the relationships, reciprocal
  transforms and links between the
  hetero-background or hetero-spatial knowledge

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Thanks!http//www.miforum.net/bhf/english/index_e
nglish.htm