After the Congress of Vienna

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After the Congress of Vienna
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The Quadruple Alliance

• Organized by Metternich in 1815
• Austria, Prussia, Russia, and Britain
• France joined in 1818
• Purpose to enforce the Vienna Settlements and to
  suppress revolutions
• The cooperation became known as the Concert of
  Europe

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Revolts Against the Metternich System

• People did not forget the ideas of the revolution
• Deprived of lawful means to attain their goals,
  the people resorted to revolutions

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Revolutions of 1820-1821

• Spainrevolts against Ferdinand VII, invasion of
  Quad alliance squashed and king was restored to
  power!
• Italyled by the secret police (carbonari)
• the Italians revolted wanted a constitutional
  government Quad alliance-led by Austria
  suppressed it

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Latin American Revolutions (1810-1823)

• The Spanish Colonies of Latin America declared
  their independence and adopted republican govts
• From them on Latin America did not want to be
  under the control of Europe
• 1823-The US issued the Monroe Doctrine

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President Monroe stated..

• The Western Hemisphere is closed to further
  European colonization and any European attempt to
  intervene in the Western Hemisphere will be
  regarded as dangerous to our peace and safety

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Significance

• The Latin American independence movements
  breached the Metternich System and heartened
  other peoples seeking democracy and independence

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Greek Revolutions (1821-1829)

• Rebelled against Turkeythey received aid from
  Britain, France, and Russia
• They temporarily ignored their distaste for
  revolution in order to weaken the Moslem Turks
• In 1829, Greece achieved independence

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The Revolutions of 1830-1832

• FranceCharles X succeeded his brother Louis
  XVIII as king
• They revolted and drove out Charles
• Made Louis Philippe a limited monarch with a
  constitution

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• Belgium-rebelled against Holland and claimed
  independence
• Italymore uprisingsbut more suppressions
• Poland-rebellions put down by Russia

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Revolutions of 1848

• FranceLouis Philippe became unpopular and mobs
  forced him to flee
• 2nd French Republic was formed
• Louis Napoleon, nephew of Napoleon, was elected
  President

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Significance of 1848 Revolutions

• The brought the downfall of the Metternich system
• Marked the last effort in Europe to overthrow
  reactionary government by revolutions alone