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CI SYSTEMS IN INDIAN NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS

• A. K. Chandra
• Assoc. Dir. (RD-ES, IT)
• Nuclear Power Corporation of India Ltd.
• IAEA Technical Meeting on Impact of Modern
  Technology on NPP IC Systems

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The Present NPP Scenario in India

• 15 operating NPPs with a total capacity of 3360
  MWe
• 8 plants under construction with a total capacity
  of 3920 MWe including 5 PHWRs, 2 PWRs (VVERs) and
  1 PFBR.

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Main Control Room Philosophy in TAPP-34

• Main Control Room employs hybrid systems.
• System wise panels in the background and operator
  consoles in front.
• Panels for different plant functions contain
  discrete control devices and displays.
• Comprehensive Plant Status available on COIS
  screens on each panel.
• Operator consoles provide displays and
  interaction facilities for individual system.

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Evolution of Computer Based Systems in Indian
NPPs

• Computerization of Monitoring functions began
  from MAPS (1987)
• - Channel Temperature Monitoring System
• Control Functions NAPS (1990)
• - Reactor Regulating System
• - Control of on-power refueling machines
• - Control Room Computer System
• - Digital Recording System
• Protection function KAPS (1993)
• - Programmable Digital Comparator System
• KGS-1,2 RAPS-3,4
• - Programmable Logic Comparator
• - Process Control System

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Evolution of Computer Based Systems in Indian
NPPs (Contd.)

• All major Control, Monitoring, Test
  Surveillance and Operator Information functions
  in TAPP-3, 4 are CBS.
• Some protection functions use microprocessors
• Information from these systems and from stand
  alone controllers recorders sent to a
  Computerized Operator Information System (COIS)
  through Gateways
• Information from COIS sent over VSAT to HQ

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Technology Employed for Computer Based Systems

• All CBS employed for IC are custom built
• All CBS are designed and developed indigenously
  by NPC and other organizations
• Hardware manufacture, integration and
  installation by Electronics Corporation of India.
• Verification and Validation carried out by an
  independent IV V Committee.

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TAPP-3,4 Systems Developed At NPCIL

• ECCS Test Facility
• Instrumented Channel Monitoring System
• Test and Monitoring System - 2
• Reactor Parameter Display System
• COIS Gateway
• Portable Recording System
• Neutronic Trip Unit
• Centralized Operating Plant Information System

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TAPP-3,4 Systems Developed By Other Organizations

• Reactor Regulating System
• Process Control System
• Prog Digital Comparator System Safety
• Prog Digital Comparator System Control
• Channel Temperature Monitoring System
• Flux Mapping System
• Test and Monitoring System 1
• Computerized Operator Information System
• Programmable Logic Comparator

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Support Issues for CBS

• Systems are required to be supported for their
  life span
• Changes are required due to
• Operational feedback
• Regulatory requirements
• Hardware obsolescence
• Original developers move on to other challenges

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The Challenge Ahead

• Large numbers of Operating stations of differing
  vintage to be supported
• Large numbers of plants under construction
• Implementation of the system for the same
  function varies with station reflecting the state
  of the art at that time

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The Challenge Ahead (Contd.)

• Prototypes are required to be maintained in the
  laboratory to ascertain behaviour of system under
  postulated conditions
• Large variety of prototypes are required because
  of differing implementations at various stations
• Leads to high resource requirements Cost, Space,
  Manpower

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The Challenge Ahead (Contd.)

• In addition, development work is to be carried
  out for the CBS CI for the new power plants
  under construction

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Current Development Work for RKnew

• Reactor Regulating System
• Process Control System
• Prog Digital Comparator System Safety
• Prog Digital Comparator System Control
• Channel Temperature Monitoring System
• ECCS Test facility
• Reactor Parameter Display System
• COIS Gateway
• Digital Recording System
• Electrical. SCADA (R-5,6)
• RMU

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Meeting the Challenge

• Establishment of in-house facilities for support
  and development and testing
• STANDARDIZATION !
• Across the systems
• Across the stations

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Meeting the Challenge (Contd.)

• STANDARDISATION OF ARCHITECTURES
• STANDARDISATION OF HARDWARE
• STANDARDISATION OF SOFTWARE
• STANDARDISATION OF H S I
• STANDARDISATION OF DOCUMENTATION

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Standardisation Of Architectures

• Reduction in overall development time for all
  systems.
• Reduction in amount of documentation
• Reduced time required for VV
• Reduction in requirement for support to be
  provided to systems in stations.

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Operator Interface Unit
Server
RTU
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Standardisation of Architectures (Contd.)

• Develop systems for all new plants using generic
  architecture
• Retrofit the same in operating stations at an
  appropriate opportunity

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Engineering Procedures defined to

• Introduce standardization in development process
• Achieve (repeatable) quality
• Conform to AERB SG-D25
• Standardize development contracts

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Engineering Procedures cover

• Work Methods for design, development, testing and
  commissioning of CBS
• Documents to be produced at various stages of
  life cycle (and the nature and structure of
  information content of the same)
• Methodology for preparation, review and approval
  of documents

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Precise and Exhaustive Documents are required to
be produced because systems will be reviewed,
used and supported by people other than those who
designed the system.
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REGULATOR
USER
DESIGNER
DEVELOPER
MANUFACTURER
REVIEWER
INTERNAL QA VV
AGENCIES IN LIFE CYCLE
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Independent V V in NPCIL

• Design Basis Report (DBR), approved by AERB, is
  the baseline document.
• The reviews are carried out at each stage of
  system development
• For each system, a Task Force is responsible for
  the entire review process
• Full documentation with IVV reports are
  submitted for licensing with AERB

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• THANK YOU