Why have ethnicities been transformed into nationalities

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Why have ethnicities been transformed into
nationalities?

• Chapter 7, key issue 2

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Overview

• Nationalitygroup of people with a legal
  attachment and personal allegiance to a
  particular country
• Differs from ethnicity in that nationality is
  defined by voting, citizenship, etc.
• Ethnicity and nationality can be distinct or
  connected, depending on the situation

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Major concepts

• Self-determination
• Nation-state
• Nationalism
• Multi-ethnic state
• Multinational state
• Centripetal force

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Europe

• Europe has a large number of nation-states
• Language, culture, and religion have all shaped
  European geography
• Some nations are multi-ethnic Belgium
• Multinational states Russia, United Kingdom
• Boundaries do not always encompass an ethnic group

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Soviet Union/Russia

• USSR and Russia largest multinational states
• Beginning in the 1300s Russia conquered many
  nationalities
• With the fall of Communism many nationalities
  sought self-determination
• Other nationalities are still within the borders
  of Russia

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Devolution of USSR

• With the collapse of Communism in 91 the USSR
  broke up
• Some nation-states declared independence with a
  minimum of violence Ukraine, Kazakhstan,
  Lithuania, etc.
• Other ethnicities are still held within Russia by
  force Chechnya
• Continued devolution in Caucasus region

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Devolution of Eastern Europe

• Collapse of Soviet control of E. Europe caused a
  breakup of nations
• Czechoslovakia broke into Czech Republic and
  Slovakia through negotiation
• Yugoslavia disintegrated into civil war between
  national groups
• Borders often put nationalities inside borders of
  other nations