Spatial Development and Planning in Germany

1
Spatial Development and Planningin Germany

• Manfred Sinz ???
• ?????????????
• ??,??
• Deputy Director General - Head of Spatial
  Planning Group
• Federal Ministry of Transport, Building and Urban
  Affairs
• Berlin, Germany
• Presentation 1
• at the Seminar of the CEPD
• April 24th, 2007, Taipei, Republic of China

2
Spatial Development and Planningin Germany

• Urban System and Spatial Categories
• Social and Economic Development
• Infrastructure and Public Services
• Environment
• Short Review of Spatial Planning Approaches
• Planning System
• Tasks and Guidelines
• Best Practice
• But first The Federal State and the Länder

3
zonal border 1950 - 1990
4
(No Transcript)
5
Administrative Boundaries

• 16 states (Länder)
• up to 7 districts per state
• system of spatial planning regions
• 323 counties
• more than12.000 municipalities

6
Urban System and Spatial Categories
7
Central and Peripheral Areas
Level of accessibility
high
low
Highways
8
(No Transcript)
9
(No Transcript)
10
(No Transcript)
11
(No Transcript)
12
(No Transcript)
13
Social and Economic Development
14
Land Prices
15
Development of Population
Rate of change
shrinking
growing
16
State of Economic Development
low
high
17
(No Transcript)
18
(No Transcript)
19
Level of Contentedness
Share of content people in their region
Results of an internet poll Perspektive
Deutschland - McKinsey, stern, ZDF and AOL
20
Infrastructure and Public Services
21
Central Places and Public Services
22
Gateway Functions
Flight Connections
Other Gateway Functions
Ports
Motorways
Railways
Accessibility by Car Traffic
very good good satisfying bad very bad
23
Relief and displacement goal
24
Environment
25
Safeguarding Natural Ressources and Developing
Cultural Landscapes
Protection and Risk Management
Nature and Open Space
Ground Water
Rivers and Flood Protection Areas
Planning and Shaping
Urban Landscapes
Regional Parks
Rural Landscapes
Lakes in former Surface Mining Areas
Marine Landscapes
26
Break
27
Planning System
28
(No Transcript)
29
Hierarchy of Plans and Programs
Spatial Planning at Federal Level Federal Spatial
Planning Act establishing the legal
framework Principal objective Sustainable
development and creating equivalent living
conditions in all parts of the country Spatial
Planning at Länder Level Lands spatial planning
act Lands development programs and
plans Regional impact assessment
procedures Spatial planning at regional
level Regional and sub-regional
plans Regional impact assessment
procedures Land use planning at Communal Level
(master planning) preparatory form (land use
plan) binding form (local building
construction plan) gtgt Subject to a system of
mutual cooperation in the preparation and
modification of programs and plans (principle of
countervailing influence)
30
Planning Principles

• State planning and the market forces- control of
  public activities and investment- limited
  influence on private decisions and investment
• Principle of countervailing influence between the
  different levels of spatial planning
• Strong position of regions and municipalities
• Combination of legally binding and informal
  planning

31
Tasks and Guidelines
32
Spatial development tasks

• Creating equivalent regional living conditions
• Pursuing sustainable development
• Achieving a balance between strong and
  disadvantaged regions
• Strengthening economic potentials and promoting
  favourable conditions for regional investment
• Establishing a fair division of labour between
  central cities, surrounding regions and rural
  periphery
• Keeping spatial structures open for future
  development

33
(No Transcript)
34
Best Practice in Berlin / Brandenburg

• The following part is optional in case there are
  questions and if there is enough time

35
Does it work?

• Efforts to contain urban development
• Supply policy and restrictions
• Potential settlement areas and regional parks

36
Both city-regions same scale
Built-up area
37
(No Transcript)
38
Regional Parks in Berlin and Brandenburg
39
Potential settlement area (Type 1)
Potential settlement area (Type 2)
40
Newly built residential space within the suburban
area of Berlin
Potential settlement areas
Rural areas