Chapter Overview

1
Chapter Overview

• Managing Compression
• Managing Disk Quotas
• Increasing Security with EFS
• Using Disk Defragmenter, Check Disk, and Disk
  Cleanup

2
Introduction to Windows XP Professional
Compression

• Microsoft Windows XP Professional supports two
  types of compression.
• The Compressed Folders feature
• You can use this feature to create a compressed
  folder.
• All files you store in that folder are
  compressed.
• NTFS compressed files and folders
• You can use this feature to compress files and
  folders or an entire drive.
• The drive must be formatted with NT file system
  (NTFS).
• Each file and folder has a compression state that
  is either compressed or uncompressed.

3
Using Compressed Folders
4
Benefits of Compressed Folders

• You can create and use compressed folders on file
  allocation table (FAT), FAT32, or NTFS volumes.
• You can open files and run some programs directly
  from the compressed folders.
• You can copy or move these compressed folders.
• Compressed folders are compatible with other zip
  programs.
• You can encrypt compressed folders that you
  created with this feature.
• You can compress folders without decreasing
  performance.

5
Using NTFS Compressed Files and Folders

• Operating systems and applications can read and
  write compressed files.
• NTFS uncompresses the file before making it
  available.
• NTFS compresses the file when you exit or
  explicitly save the file.
• NTFS allocates disk space based on the
  uncompressed file size.

6
Compressing Files and Folders Using NTFS
Compression
7
Compressing a Drive or Volume Using NTFS
Compression
8
Displaying NTFS Compressed Files and Folders in a
Different Color
9
Copying and Moving Compressed Files and Folders
10
NTFS Compression Guidelines

• Base your selection of file types to compress on
  the anticipated resulting file size.
• Do not store compressed files, such as PKZIP
  files, in an NTFS compressed folder.
• Windows XP Professional automatically uses a
  different display color for compressed files.
• Compress static data rather than data that
  changes frequently.
• Do not compress files that you copy and move
  frequently.

11
Understanding Disk Quota Management

• Tracks and controls disk usage on a per-user,
  per-volume basis
• Bases disk usage on file and folder ownership
• Ignores compression when calculating disk usage
• Calculates free space for applications based on
  the users quota limit

12
System Administrator Use of Disk Quotas

• To specify the amount of disk space for each user
• To set a warning to log an event when a user is
  nearing the limit
• To deny users access if they exceed their limit
• To log an event when a user exceeds a specified
  disk space threshold

13
Setting Disk Quotas
14
Determining the Status of Disk Quotas

• Red traffic light disk quotas are not enabled
• Yellow traffic light disk quota information is
  being rebuilt
• Green traffic light the disk quota system is
  active

15
Monitoring Disk Quotas with the Quota Entries For
Dialog Box
16
Guidelines for Using Disk Quotas

• Log on as Administrator to install additional
  Windows XP Professional components and
  applications.
• Clear the Deny Disk Space To Users Exceeding
  Quota Limit check box.
• Set restrictive default limits for all users, and
  then modify them to allow more disk space if
  needed.
• Share disk space appropriately among all users
  who share the computer.
• Set disk quotas on shared volumes, on public
  folders, and on network servers.
• Delete disk quota entries for a user who no
  longer stores files on a volume.

17
Understanding EFS

• Microsoft Encrypting File System (EFS) lets you
  encrypt files on NTFS volumes.
• EFS lets users with roaming profiles use the same
  key with trusted remote systems.
• EFS lets you
• Copy, move, or rename files, which remain
  encrypted
• Set policies to recover EFS-encrypted data when
  necessary
• EFS can be implemented either from Windows
  Explorer or from the command line.
• EFS can be disabled for a computer, domain, or
  organizational unit (OU) by using Group Policy.

18
EFS Features

• Transparent encryption
• Strong protection of encryption keys
• Integral data recovery system
• Secure temporary and paging files

19
Encrypting Files and Folders

• To encrypt files, place them in an encrypted NTFS
  folder.
• Compressed files cannot be encrypted, and
  encrypted files cannot be compressed.
• A file is encrypted by using file encryption
  keys.
• All file encryption keys are stored and encrypted
  in the file header.
• By default, encryption provided by EFS is
  56-bit encryption.

20
Decrypting Files and Folders
21
Using the Cipher Command

• Cipher /e /d /sfolder_name /a /i /f
  /q /h /k file_name

22
Using the Recovery Agent

• A recovery agent can help if a user loses the
  file encryption certificate and associated
  private key.
• The local computer administrator is the default
  recovery agent.
• The domain administrator is the default recovery
  agent for the computers in a domain.
• The recovery agent can open a file using his or
  her own private key if the owners private key is
  not available.
• The recovery agent can be on another computer in
  the network.

23
Disabling EFS

• You can disable EFS for a domain, OU, or computer
  by applying an empty Encrypted Data Recovery
  Agent policy setting or by deleting the existing
  recovery agents.
• EFS uses the recovery agents listed in the
  Encrypted Data Recovery Agents Group Policy
  agent.
• If the Encrypted Data Recovery Agent policy
  setting is empty, EFS does not operate.

24
Defragmenting Disks

• Windows XP Professional saves files and folders
  in the first available space.
• Defragmenting finds and consolidates fragmented
  files and folders.
• Disk Defragmenter moves the pieces of each file
  or folder to a single contiguous space.
• Disk Defragmenter can defragment FAT, FAT32, and
  NTFS volumes.

25
The Disk Defragmenter Window
26
Using Disk Defragmenter Effectively

• Defragment when the system will receive the least
  use.
• Educate users to defragment at least once a
  month.
• Analyze and defragment the target volume before
  installing large applications.
• When you delete a large number of files or
  folders, defragment your hard disk.

27
Using Check Disk

• Check Disk attempts to repair file system errors.
• Check Disk locates bad sectors and recovers
  readable information.
• All files must be closed to run Check Disk.

28
Check Disk Dialog Box Options

• Automatically Fix File System Errors
• This specifies whether file-system errors found
  during disk checking will attempt to be repaired.
  
• All files must be closed for this program to run.
• Scan For And Attempt Recovery Of Bad Sectors
• This specifies whether file-system errors found
  during disk checking will attempt to be repaired,
  bad sectors will be located, and readable
  information recovered.
• All files must be closed for this program to run.

29
Check Disk Command-Line Version

• Chkdsk volumepath filename /f /v /r
  /x /i /c /l size

30
Using Disk Cleanup
31
The More Options Tab of Disk Cleanup
32
Chapter Summary

• You can create compressed folders on FAT and NTFS
  volumes.
• You can view the contents of, open files from,
  and encrypt compressed folders.
• You can copy or move compressed folders.
• Compressed folders are compatible with other zip
  programs.
• NTFS compression lets you compress files and
  folders only on NTFS volumes.

33
Chapter Summary (Cont.)

• Disk quotas let you manage and allocate hard disk
  space usage.
• EFS lets users encrypt files to make them more
  secure.
• Disk Defragmenter moves pieces of each file and
  folder to a contiguous location.
• Check Disk attempts to repair file system errors
  and to recover readable information from bad
  sectors.
• Disk Cleanup frees up disk space by deleting
  temporary files and uninstalling programs.