Parts of Speech Review

1
Parts of Speech Review
2
Objectives

• To refresh your memory regarding the parts of
  speech
• To ensure that you can distinguish between types
  of nouns, verbs, modifiers, etc

3
Nouns (pg 485)

• A noun is a word representing a person, place,
  thing, or idea
• Common vs. Proper nouns
• Concrete vs. Abstract nouns
• On page 486, classify the nouns in Exercise 1 as
  Concrete or Abstract (group)
• Collective and Compound Nouns
• On page 487, classify the nouns in Review A

4
Pronouns

• A pronoun is a word used in the place of one or
  more nouns or pronouns
• The word the pronoun stands for is called the
  ANTECEDENT. For example
• Ms. Williams and Mrs. Gillespie talk about
  grammar too often. They are obsessive about
  correctness!
• The word they is a pronoun. What is the
  antecedent?

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Types of Pronouns

• Personal1st, 2nd, and 3rd person
  (I, you, they, etc.)
• Reflexiverefers to the subject of the
  sentence She tried to compose herself.
• Intensiveemphasizes the antecedent I myself
  would never shop there.
• Demonstrativepoints out a specific
  noun That is an excellent argument!

6
More Pronouns!

• Interrogativeintroduces a question What kind of
  ice cream should we get?
• Relativeintroduces a subordinate clause Mrs.
  Carlton is the department chair who keeps us all
  in line.
• Indefiniterefers to something which may not be
  specifically named
• Most everyone knows somebody with a car.

7
Get a Partner!

• Exercise 2 on pg 490 asks you to identify the
  kind of pronoun being used. You and your partner
  are responsible for this completed exercise.
• You have five minutes.
• GO!

8
Adjectives

• An adjective modifies a pronoun or noun. Modify
  means describe or make more definite
• Questions adjectives answer What
  kind? Which one? How many? How
  much?

9
Articles

• Articles are actually adjectives. (This is
  mind-boggling, I know).
• A and an are called indefinite articles
  because they refer to any member of a general
  group--a sweater, a slice of pie, a cappuccino.
• The is called a definite article because it
  refers to ONE SPECIFIC OBJECT.

10
Find a partner!

• Turn in your books to Exercise 3 on page 494. You
  will be identifying the adjectives and the words
  they modify in the following sentences.
• You have five minutes.
• GO!

11
Verbs

• Verbs express actions or states of being
• Action verbsexpress physical or mental activity
• Linking verbsconnect the subject to information
  in the predicate that describes or identifies it

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Verbs, con.

• Helping verbsare attached to a main verb to
  create a verb phrase
• is, am, are, was, were
• be, being, been
• have, has, had
• do, does, did
• shall, will, should, would
• may, might
• must, can, could

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Transitive and Intransitive Verbs

• Transitive verbs have an object that receives the
  action
• The students loved the grammar review.
• (the review is what is lovedthe object of
  affection)
• Intransitive verbs do not have an object that
  receives the action.
• Ms. Williams shouted loudly.

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Transitive vs. Intransitive

• This can get confusing! Most verbs can be either
  intransitive or transitive, depending on the
  sentence. For example
• We danced the polka merrily.
• We danced merrily.
• Same verb. The only difference is the object. If
  theres an object, its a transitive verb.
• What about this one? We danced at the Prom.
• Danced is still intransitive because at the
  Prom isnt an objectits a prepositional phrase.

15
Find your partner again!

• You and your partner will now complete Exercise 4
  on pg 499. You will be identifying what kind of
  verb is underlined.
• You have five minutes.
• GO!

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Adverbs

• Adverbs modify verbs, adjectives, or other
  adverbs. Adverbs answer questions
  like How? Where? How
  much? How long?
• Lets look at the examples on pg 500.

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The Confusing Part

• An individual word can function as many parts of
  speech. For instance, dog is not always a
  noun.
• In the phrase dog house, its an adjective.
• If you dog someones footsteps, its a verb
  meaning that youre following closely.
• If you are doggedly pursuing something, its an
  adverb meaning that you are very determined.
• To determine what part of speech a word is, you
  often have to look at how the word is being USED.

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Quizno partner this time!

• Turn to Review E on page 502. Number your paper
  1-20 and identify the parts of speech.
• Work independently and quietly until the entire
  class has finished.