Intelligence Tests

1
Intelligence Tests

• Schroeder
• PSY/SPED 572

2
Test Manualswhat is included

• Introduction and Overview
• Description of test
• Uses of test
• Materials
• Special cautions
• Testing guidelines
• Administration
• Scoring
• Interpretation
• Technical Information
• Reliability, validity

3
Common Components of Individually Administered
Tests

• Adaptive Testing
• Floors and Ceilings (AKA basal and ceiling
  levels)
• Extra-test behavior
• Testing the limits

4
Individual Tests of IQ

• Descendents of original Binet scales
• Usually provide a summary score and subtest
  scores
• Most commonly used tests
• Stanford-Binet
• Wechsler scales

5
Stanford-Binet V (2003)

• Most recent revision of Binet scales
• Hierarchical model of intelligence (CHC theory)
• Ages 2-85
• Full scale IQ, Verbal IQ, Nonverbal IQ
• Nonverbal scales can be used with individuals
  with disabilities
• 5 factors
• Fluid reasoning, knowledge, quantitative
  reasoning, visual-spatial processing, working
  memory
• Routing test

6
Stanford-Binet V (2003)

• Norms 4800 people matched with Census data
• High reliability gt.91 for composite factor
  scores, gt.84 for subtest scores
• Content, construct and criterion related validity
• Testing of special groups

7
Wechsler scales

• Started with adult version and then were extended
  downward
• Due to lack of face validity in extending other
  scales upward to adult levels
• Full scale IQ, Verbal and Performance scales
• Not true for new WISC-IV
• Relative lack of theory base (CHC theory)

8
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale - 3rd ed. (1997)

• aka WAIS-III
• 16 to 89 years
• FSIQ, Verbal, Performance
• Mean 100, SD 15
• 2,450 adults for norms (match census data)
• Subtests (mean 10, SD 3)
• Co-normed with Wechsler Memory Scale - 3rd ed.

9
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children 4th
ed. (2003)

• aka WISC-IV
• Ages 6-1611
• 10 subtests, 5 supplemental subtests
• Full Scale IQ, Verbal Comprehension, Perceptual
  Reasoning, Working Memory, Processing Speed
• Fewer subtests, better reliability and validity,
  new norms, better range of items, computerized
  scoring and interpretation

10
WISC-IV vs. SB-V

• Both take same amount of time to administer,
  similar in length
• WISC-IV contains supplemental tests
• SB-V has abbreviated test (2 subtests)
• WISC-IV unique stratifying variable
• Parent education
• SB-V unique stratifying variables
• SES
• Test taker education

11
Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scales of
Intelligence 3rd ed. (2002)

• aka WPPSI-III
• Ages 26-73
• Supplemental subtests
• Norm sample matches 2000 census data
• Good floors and ceilings which allow for testing
  of delayed and gifted children

12
Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence (1999)

• aka WASI
• Two (15 min.) or four subtests (30 min.)
• Verbal, Performance, and FSIQ
• Mean 100, SD 15
• Developed specifically to be an abbreviated test
• Adequate technical properties
• Since shortening a test tends to reduce its
  reliability, it will also reduce its validity

13
Kaufman Scales

• Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children 2nd ed.
  (KABC-II)
• Revised in 2003
• Scales based on hierarchical models of IQ and
  information processing models
• Multiple scores, profile analysis, diagnostic
  interpretations
• Kaufman Adolescent and Adult Intelligence Test
  (KAIT) 1993
• Kaufman Brief Intelligence Test 2nd ed.
  (KBIT-II) 2004
• Used as screening device

14
Assessing Creativity

• Not assessed by most IQ tests
• Tests of creativity may assess aspects of IQ
• Convergent vs. Divergent thinking
• Convergent measured by most IQ tests
• Logic
• Factual recall
• Arrive at one correct answer
• Divergent
• Creativity
• Originality
• Less emphasis on recall of facts

15
Convergent vs. Divergent
1 1 ?
II
List uses for rubberbands.
2
16
Group Testing

• Started with Army alpha and Army beta testing
  during WWI
• Differences in Design
• Alpha for English speaking recruits
• Verbal
• Beta for poor knowledge of English or foreign
  born recruits
• Performance
• Used to assign to positions in military
• Other tests
• ASVAB career planning

17
Group Testing in Schools

• Multilevel Batteries
• Can take different versions of same test at
  different ages for comparison
• All normed with an achievement test
• Examples
• California Test of Mental Maturity
• Cognitive Abilities Test (CogAT)
• Otis-Lennon School Ability Test
• Others?
• Used for screening purposes

18
Group Testing

• Advantages
• Large numbers can be tested
• Simplified examiners role
• Larger norm samples
• Disadvantages
• Lack of rapport
• Restrictions in responses
• Lack of flexibility tested on all items