REMEDIATION OF HYDROCARBON CONTAMINATION IN DOWNTOWN MANDAN, NORTH DAKOTA

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REMEDIATION OF HYDROCARBON CONTAMINATION IN
DOWNTOWN MANDAN, NORTH DAKOTA

• North Dakota Solid Waste and Recycling
  Association
• 2007 Solid Waste and Recycling Symposium
• September 11-13, 2007
• CITY OF MANDAN
• LEGGETTE, BRASHEARS GRAHAM, INC.

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Timeline

• 1950
• Burlington Northern Railroad starts rail yard
  fueling activities, downtown Mandan

1953 Aerial Photo
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Timeline

• 1984
• Fuel discovered at proposed Law Enforcement
  Center (LEC) site
• State Health Department begins investigation
• 1985
• State orders railroad begin removing diesel.
  Railroad begins recovering fuel from a location
  near release site. About 4,000 gallons of fuel
  are recovered

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Downtown Mandan Fuel Plume as Originally
Delineated 1985
1963 Aerial Photo
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Timeline

• 1985
• Defueling at LEC site About 13,550 gallons of
  fuel are recovered
• BNRR estimates the plume at 600K to 900K gals
• Estimated recovery time is three to five years
• 1986
• Additional delineation of the fuel plume
• LEC completed fuel odors plague building
• BNRR installs two additional recovery wells

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Timeline

• 1987
• Additional fuel/water recovery wells begin
  operation
• Fuel recovery reaches 102,459 gallons
• 1989
• Study of the recovery system efficiency and the
  extent of the fuel plume is initiated
• BNRR is requested to expand the study to include
  all other fueling locations and pipelines

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Timeline

• 1991
• Fueling operation problems are identified and
  addressed by NDDH and BN
• 1992
• Recovery systems are installed

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Timeline

• 1995
• Ground water elevations reach an all-time high
• Liquid diesel reported in LEC basement
• BNRR responds with cleanup of LEC
• Long-term solutions to fuel contamination in the
  LEC are discussed

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Water Elevation Beneath Law Enforcement Center
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Timeline

• 1996
• Fuel recovery systems are taken off-line due to
  poor fuel recovery
• 1997
• NDDH requires a more focused, aggressive recovery
  effort
• Ground water chemistry monitoring program is
  required

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Timeline

• 1998
• BNRR directed to explore an aggressive,
  multi-phase recovery program
• Department of Health investigates fuel odors
  again reported in the LEC
• Chemical monitoring of ground water is
  implemented
• BN agrees to more aggressive approach and
  timetable
• Expanded subsurface assessment is applied to
  downtown plume, with focus on new recovery and
  cleanup techniques

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Total Plume Fuel Recovery
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Timeline

• 1999
• Concerned citizens express interest
• Vacuum recovery system pilot tests are run by
  BNRR poor results
• Alternative recovery methods are required under
  aggressive time schedule
• 463,340 gallons recovered so far
• Public information archives established at Mandan
  City Library

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Timeline

• 2000
• Railroad contests responsibility for spill.
• Remedial efforts essentially cease
• BNRR looks for other sources of diesel
• State uses money from the Leaking Underground
  Storage Tank Trust Fund.

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Timeline

• 2002
• State sues railroad to accelerate clean-up
  efforts. City of Mandan joins lawsuit.
• 2002-2004
• State and City of Mandan file suit against BNRR
• NDDH installs and operates horizontal SVE and
  sparge wells
• Some methane recovery
• Up to 4 feet of free-phase diesel remains
• Multiple private suits against BNRR for health
  impacts settled confidentially

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Timeline

• 2004
• Parties agree to a settlement that involves
  30.25 million in cash and real estate from the
  railroad.
• Mandan Remediation Trust Created
• 24M for Cleanup
• RFP for Cleanup
• LBG Selected to perform Cleanup

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Site
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Geologic Cross Sections
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Mandan Product Plume 593,000 Square Feet 161,000
Square Feet (Past or Suspected) Total 754,000
Square Feet
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October 2004
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PROJECT OBJECTIVES

• The primary project objectives are to
• Remove free-phase diesel
• Protect human health
• Facilitate the redevelopment of downtown Mandan
• The secondary project objectives are to
• Complete the remedial activities in a manner that
  minimizes intrusiveness
• Develop remediation strategies that will minimize
  cost to preserve the remediation trust

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REMEDIATION TECHNOLOGY SUITE

• Multi-phase Extraction
• Free-phase recovery
• Soil-Vapor Extraction
• Soil remediation
• Methane recovery
• Initiate aerobic biodegradation
• Bioventing Soil polishing
• Final stage

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Timeline

• 2005
• Indoor Air Survey completed
• Site Strategy defined
• Initial drilling completed 282 wells
• Phase I system installed
• Basement wells installed - 38 wells
• 2006
• Phase II, Zones 1 and 2 system installed
• LEC air-system reconfiguration
• Phase I system startup
• Lender Liability Laws passed at State Level
• City Ordinances adopted as Administrative Controls

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Timeline

• 2007
• Additional interior and exterior wells drilled
• Phase II, Zones 1 and 2 system startup
• Phase II, Zone 3 system installation
• Phase II, Zone 3 system startup
• 2010-2013
• Remediation complete
• 2013-2015
• Follow-up monitoring complete
• Remedial system decommissioning

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Remedial Progress so far

• 300 remedial wells installed (39 in basements)
• 3 Remedial buildings erected
• 20 miles of pipe buried
• 11 Remote manifolds constructed
• 1 Ground-water treatment system constructed
• 3 Extraction systems constructed

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Progress so far

• Liquid diesel 11,516 gallons
• Soil Vapor
• Diesel 7,340 gallons
• Gasoline 6,464 gallons
• Solvents 313 gallons
• Bioattenuation 38,150 gallons
• Methane 60,565 lbs.
• 500,000 pounds of hydrocarbons removed

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Diesel Recovery
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Cumulative Recovery
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October 2004
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September 2006
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July 2007
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Fluid Levels vs FP ThicknessMW-7R
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What has been Spent?

• 40 Total Subcontractors - 10.45M
• Construction Services 6.86M
• Laboratory Services 38.9K
• Drilling - 1.250M
• Specialized Remedial Equipment - 1.26M
• Professional Services - 725K
• OM 298K
• LBG Fees and expenses - 2.6M
• Total as of August 17, 2007 13.1M

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Redevelopment Progress so far

• 20 lots cleared ready for development
• 2 Parks created
• Laws and Ordinances passed/adopted
• Revitalization and Redevelopment underway

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QUESTIONS?