Linked History

1
Linked History

• From Hyperhistory
• http//www.hyperhistory.com/index.html

2
Foundations

• Before Writing
• Biology, the Brain and History -- history versus
  biological determinism
• Hunters, Gatherers, Farmers and Gods -- to 4001
  BCE
• Origins of War -- tribal raiding to empire
• The Middle East and Africa
• The Sumerians -- religious continuity, writing,
  conquest, a concept of sin and paradise
• Africa and Egypt to 1750 BCE -- from south of the
  Sahara to civilization on the Nile
• Sargon and the Vanishing Sumerians --
  Mesopotamia, sin and the Amorites
• Myths of Creation and a Great Flood -- literature
  surviving the Sumerians
• Hammurabi Babylon -- Hammurabi's conquests,
  dynasty and its fall to 1550
• The Middle East to 1050 BCE -- Hyksos, Egyptians,
  Hittites, Hurrians and Aramaeans
• From Abraham to David -- stories of Abraham,
  Moses and King David
• Solomon, Prophets and Punishment to 640 BCE --
  Israel to the "lost tribes" and the Assyrian
  Empire
• Zoroastrians and Judaism to 400 BCE -- a Jewish
  state within the Persian Empire
• Civilization in India
• Ancient India and Hinduism to 1000 BCE -- lost
  civilization, invasion, conquest and caste
• The Upanishads and India to 500 BCE -- new cities
  and attitudes
• Jains and Buddhists to 450 BCE -- rebellion
  against Hinduism
• Hindu Epic Literature -- the Ramayana and
  Mahabharata

3
Foundations continued

• Greeks, Alexander, Hellenism and Jews
• Europe before 1000 BCE -- agriculture, the
  Mycenae Greeks, Minoans and a dark age
• The Greeks to 480 BCE -- Homer, class rule and
  the birth of philosophy
• Ancient Greeks, Democracy and Decline -- to the
  300s BCE
• Ideas from Anaxagoras to Aristotle -- 480 to 322
  BCE
• Alexander the Great -- 356 to 323 BCE
• Alexander's Empire Disintegrates -- to 246 BCE
• Hellenistic Societies to 222 BCE -- trade,
  diffusions, prosperity and misery
• Cynics, Epicureans, Stoics and Skeptics -- 400 to
  200 BCE
• Jews, the Septuagint and Tradition -- to 200 BCE
• Rome, Jews and Christians
• The Rise of Rome -- 753 to 221 BCE
• Roman Empire, Republic and Politics by Violence
  -- to 79 BCE
• Judea and Civil War -- 150 to 63 BCE
• From Republic to Emperor Augustus -- 73 BCE to CE
  14
• Jews and Christians in Rome's Golden Age --- the
  Essenes, Jesus, and Christianity organizes
• Family Rule from Tiberius to Nero -- CE 14 to 65
• Rome, from Golden Age to Political Chaos -- from
  prosperity to decay under the Severans
• Rome's Decline and Christianity's Ascent -- to CE
  306

4
Middle Ages - 6th to 15th Centuries

• Making Way for Islam
• Justinian's War for the Second Coming -- 501 to
  565 CE
• Persia and Constantinople Make Way for Islam --
  CE 541 to 630
• Islam to CE 680 -- Muhammad the Prophet,
  expansion and successions
• Islam, Fragmentation and Core Beliefs, to CE 1200
  -- Abbasids and a Golden Age
• Early Medieval Europe
• Darkness and Monasteries Europe in the 500s --
  demons, ordeals, medicine by prayer, violence
• Slavs, Bulgars, and Magyars, to 927 -- into the
  Balkans
• Spain to CE 1000 -- from the Visigoths to Muslims
  and Europe's leading city, Córdoba
• Britain, from Arthur to William of Normandy -- to
  1066
• Continental Europe to 1054 -- Charlemagne and
  problems within Christianity
• Asians to the Conquest of Constantinople
• India, from 501 to 1200 -- Islam arrives
• Japan, 501 CE to the mid-1100s -- from Shinto vs
  Buddhism through the Asuka, Nara and Heian
  periods
• Medieval Japan to 1333 -- the Kamakura period
• China to 1126 -- Bloody struggles, Confucianists
  vs Taoists vs Buddhists, the Sui and Song
  dynasties
• Ghengis Khan and the Mongols -- to the gates of
  Vienna and conquest of China (edited Jan/2008)
• China from the Mongols to the Ming -- withdrawal
  as a great power
• The Mamelukes -- out of chaos a succession of
  Islamic warlords

5
1450-1750

• Europe, Africa and the Americas
• Europeans and Africans in the 1500s -- maritime
  trade to Asia and Africa
• Spain into the Americas, to 1600 -- guns and
  germs from South America to New Mexico
• The Portuguese in America, to 1600 -- Brazil,
  conquest and slavery
• Martin Luther's Revolution, to 1530 --
  discontent, Luther's protest and spread of the
  movement.
• Religious Wars in France, 1530 to 1610 -- to the
  toleration championed by Henry IV
• Europe in Conflict, 1523 to 1588 -- England, the
  continent, Protestantism and power conflicts
• The Mid-East and India
• Iran, the Safavids and Ottomans, to 1629 -- Shia
  and Sunni Muslims
• The Last of the Safavids, to 1722 -- Iran, from
  Shah Abbas I to dynastic and military decline
• India, Mughals, Sikhs and Europeans, to 1700 --
  India fragmented and violent
• Decline of Islamic and Ottoman Power, to 1700 --
  economic stagnation and military decline
• The Far East to 1700
• China from Ming to Qing -- integration,
  rebellion, conquest
• Japan, 1333 to 1700 -- the economy and wars for
  power among landowners
• Korea's Joseon Dynasty -- monarchy from the
  1390s, Japan's intrusion and independence
• The Indonesian Archipelago, to 1700 -- Hindus,
  Muslims and the Dutch
• The Americas, Europe and Africa to 1700
• Latin America to 1700 -- including New Mexico,
  Texas and the Portuguese in Brazil

6
1800s

• War and Revolution in Europe and America
• War and 18th Century Europe -- what monarch rules
  where
• The American Revolution -- 1707 to 1791, from
  social change to ratification of the Constitution
  
• First Barbary War -- U.S. policies from 1770s to
  1805, and Marines to the shores of Tripoli
• The French Revolution -- France in the 1700s
  (edited Jan/2008)
• Napoleonic Era in Europe and the Americas, to
  1815
• Britain and Ireland, 1779 to 1803 -- dissent and
  rebellion
• Haiti, 1789 to 1806 -- great hopes
• War of 1812 -- Britain and the United States
• Napolean's Wars, Mistakes and Fall -- too close
  to the sun
• Conservative Order and Social Upheaval in Europe
• New Conservative Order to 1820 -- an alliance of
  victors against change
• The Greek War of Independence -- massacres,
  divisions and big power intervention
• Revolt and Reaction to the 1830s -- Spain,
  Russia, Germany, Belgium, Poland and France.
• Revolutions of 1848 -- 1840 to 1848, discontent
• Revolutions Lost, 1848 -- coalitions divide
• Reaction and Reform to 1850 -- conservatives win
• The World and Imperialism to the 1860s
• World Economies and Rise of the West -- world
  economies and rise of the West

7
20th century beginnings

• 1901 to the Outbreak of War in 1914
• Toward World War, 1901-08 -- Franz Joseph, Russia
  and Japan German diplomacy
• European Imperialism, 1894 to 1908 --
  imperialism, Boxer Rebellion, empire in Africa
• The United States to 1910 -- morality, sports and
  music, blacks, reforms
• The Mexican Revolution -- Zapata, Poncho Villa,
  U.S. invasion
• Slide to War to War in Europe, 1911-14 --
  diplomatic failures, assassination, crisis and
  blame
• War and Revolution, 1914 to 1919
• World War to December 1914 -- stalemate and more
  death for the sake of the fallen
• Turks and Armenians, 1915 -- the Ottoman Empire
  and war fever
• The Great War, 1915 -- Western and Eastern
  Fronts. Galipoli. Italy, Bulgaria and Serbia.
• The U.S. Considers War, 1915 -- Naval blockades
  and the Lusintania incident
• Staying the Course, 1916-17 -- more failure
  during the First World War
• Rebellion in Ireland, 1916 -- the British
  overreact
• Revolution against the Tsar -- from December to
  March 1917
• Woodrow Wilson Goes to War -- President Wilson is
  pressured in 1917
• The Bolshevik Revolution - from March to December
  1917
• Russia, 1918 -- peace at any price, anarchy and
  civil war
• Germany's Last Offensive, 1918 - General
  Ludendorff's gamble for victory
• Germany and Revolution, 1918-19 - failed
  revolution in Germany

8
Between the Wars to WWII

• Central Asia under the Russians, to 1936 --
  creation of Central Asian republics
• Empire in Egypt and Sudan, to 1929 -- Britain in
  Egypt. The Muslim Brotherhood
• Syria, Lebanon and Iraq, to 1930 -- the British,
  French and Greater Syria frustrations
• Ibn Saud, Wahhabis, and Oil, to 1945 -- Ibn Saud
  creates and expands his kingdom, allied with the
  British
• Afganistan, to the 1930s -- and beyond
• Jews and Arabs in Palestine, to 1939 - Jews and
  Muslims in peace and conflict under British rule
• Asia, Africa and the Pacific into the 1920s
• China, Japan and International Tensions, to 1927
  -- domestic developments and Japanese
  encroachments
• Britain in India and Subsaharan Africa to 1930 --
  including Kenya, Rhodesia and the Union of South
  Africa
• France, Spain and Italy in Africa, to 1930 --
  Libya, Tunisia, Algeria, Morrocco and West Africa
  
• The French in Vietnam, to 1930 - French rule,
  social conditions and Ho Chi Minh
• U.S., Philippines, Hawaii, Latin America, in the
  1920s -- conservative directions
• The Twenties in Europe
• Emma Goldman in Russia, 1920-21 -- an anarchist's
  evaluation
• Civil War, Lenin and the Rise of Stalin -- 1918
  to 1930
• Mussolini and Fascism in Italy -- Mussolini from
  youth to Prime Minister
• Britain and Ireland in the Twenties -- recovery
  and conflict with tradition
• France in the Twenties -- conservatives and
  prosperity
• Germany and Hitler in the Twenties -- the Weimar
  Republic, Hitler, extremism and conservatism

9
Americas

• Victors and Colonialism
• Victors against the Defeated -- retributions,
  expropriations, occupations
• The United Nations -- founding, purpose
• The U.S. and British in Asia, to 1960 --
  withdrawal from colonialism
• Independence for Indonesia -- the Dutch fight but
  lose a colony
• French Colonialism -- Madagascar, North and
  Subsaharan Africa, Indochina and Algeria
• Black Africans into the Sixties -- socialism and
  free enterprise
• The Cold War into the Sixties
• The Cold War Begins -- Truman, Stalin, Mao
• Ronald Reagan in Hollywood -- Reagan versus
  communists
• The Korean War -- occupation, China intervenes,
  negotiations
• The Cold War, 1953-60 -- Eastern Europe, nuclear
  terror, Cold War mindsets
• Cuba, Castro and Eisenhower -- Castro overthrows
  Batista, Eisenhower responds
• Kennedy and the Bay of Pigs -- Illusions and
  failure
• Cuban Missile Crisis -- a disagreement over what
  is defensive and offensive
• Kennedy Assassination -- Lee Harvey Oswald
• Che Guevara, 1960-67 -- revolutionary, Bolivia
  and death
• Racial Equality, Vietnam, and Unrest in the U.S.
  and Europe
• The United States and Equal Rights, 1947-65 --
  the human rights movement

10
Asia, Africa and Middle East

• India and Pakistan to the 21st century
• Untouchable in India Bhimroa Ramji Ambedkar - a
  leader who lived from 1891 to 1956.
• India and Pakistan to 1966 -- democratic India,
  the Islamic Republic of Pakistan
• India and Pakistan to 2002 -- Kashmir, Hindus and
  Muslims, Pakistan's Sharif and Musharraf
• Japan and China
• Japan's Economic Recovery -- from hunger to
  economic boom
• Mao's China -- leaps, Sino-Soviet dispute, Red
  guards and capitalist roaders
• China under New Leadership -- Deng Xiaoping,
  Tiananmen troubles, ten years later
• Africa into the 1990s
• Idi Amin Dada Oumee -- Uganda to 1979
• The Continent of Africa -- from the 1980s,
  population, politics and economies in general
• Socialist Experiment in Tanzania -- to 1985
• South Africa and the End of Apartheid -- from the
  1960s to 1994
• Algeria and Civil War -- the early 1990s
• Rwanda and Ethnic Quotas -- from the 1960s to
  1994
• Children at War in Liberia and Sierra Leone --
  Foday Sankoh and Charles Taylor, to 2003
• The Middle East
• Arabs and Jews to 1950 -- from World War II to
  the creation of Israel
• Jews Flee Arabic Homelands -- attacks on Jews and
  the disappearance of ancient communities

11
Trends

• New Directions in the West and East Europe
• Religion from Vatican II to Hare Krishna -- new
  values, conservatism, diffusions and gurus
• Political Conservatives in the West -- Hayek,
  Kirk, Strauss, Buckley, Ayn Rand, Reagan,
  Thatcher, Spain, Sweden
• The Soviet Union Disintegrates -- Brezhnev,
  Gorbachev and reforms, freedoms in 1989 (edited
  Feb/2008)
• Yugoslavia Disintegrates -- 1919 to the war in
  Kosovo
• Ideological Trends into the 21st Century
• Knowledge, Science, and Religion -- creationism,
  soul, epistemology, fundamentalism, change
• Economic and Political Philosophy -- organizing
  and distributing wealth, the state, fanaticism.
• The Linguistics Wars -- Biology, Communication
  and Clarity, from Chomsky to Lakoff and Pinker.
• The Nation-States
• Country profiles -- from Afghanistan to Zimbabwe
• Health care measured by infant mortality -- as of
  July 1, 2007
• Oil Consumption and Production -- by nation and
  per capita
• Economic success and low corruption -- the top
  countries
• Technology, food and well-being -- "economically
  challenged" countries
• Fewest Murders per capita -- top ten
• Religions with the most followers -- the top
  eleven
• Freedom of the press -- global problem
• An average day in the USA -- some happenings in a
  wealthy country