The New SENRAC Rule

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Title: The New SENRAC Rule

1
The New SENRAC Rule

For Steel Erection

2
This Presentation Covers

Indiana Effective Dates
Indiana Component Requirements
Overview of the Subpart R Standards
Checklist of Required Documentations
Overview of Presentation.

3
The new Subpart R

.750 Scope who is and is not covered.
.751 Definitions. (as needed)
.752 Site layout, site specific erection plan
and construction sequence.
.753 Hoisting and Rigging.
.754 Structural steel assembly.
.755 Column Anchorage.
and

4
The new Subpart R.

.756 Beams and Columns.
.757 Open Web Steel Joists.
.758 Systems-engineered metal buildings.
.759 Falling object protection.
.760 Fall Protection.
.761 Training.

5
Indiana Effective Dates
6
Indiana Register, Volume 25, Number 4, January 1,
2002INDIANA DEPARTMENT OF LABORNOTICE OF
CHANGES INENFORCEMENT OF STEEL ERECTION
REGULATIONSThe federal Occupational Safety and
Health Administration, effective January 18,
2002, has revised the steel erectionregulations
contained in 29 CFR 1926, Subpart R. Effective 60
days after January 18, 2002, on March 19, 2002,
the IndianaDepartment of Labor will be enforcing
those regulations in Indiana.A number of
provisions in the final rule, 29 CFR 1926,
Subpart R, address the safety of certain
structural components and theseprovisions are
known as component requirements. Component
requirements contain requirements for structural
components to help ensure that the structure can
be erected safely
7
Component RequirementsThe new effective date,
March 19, 2001, for the steel erection standards
contained in 1926 Subpart R will be applied to
thecomponent requirements in the following
manner(1) Where a building permit was obtained
before the final rule was published on January
18, 2001, the component requirementslisted above
will not apply to the work project.(2) If the
steel erection work in question began on or
before November 15, 2001, the component
requirements of the final rule,listed above,
will not be applied.
8
("component requirements") Contain requirements
for these components to help ensure that the
structure can be erected safely. For example,
there are provisions that prohibit shear
connectors on members before they are erected (
1926.754(c)(1)(i)) require all columns to be
anchored by a minimum of 4 anchor bolts, which
must meet specified strength requirements (
1926.755(a)) (there is a comparable requirement
for systems-engineered metal buildings,
1926.758(b)) set requirements for double
connections ( 1926.756(c)(1)) (there is a
comparable requirement for systems-engineered
metal buildings 1926.758(e)) require column
splices to be at a specified height and meet a
strength requirement ( 1926.756(d)) require
perimeter columns to have holes or other devices
for perimeter safety cables ( 1926.756(e)) in
some instances require a vertical stabilizer
plate to stabilize steel joists (
1926.757(a)(1)(i)) require certain joists to be
strong enough to allow one employee to release
the hoisting cable without the need for erection
bridging ( 1926.757(a)(3)), and require certain
joists to be fabricated to allow for field
bolting during erection ( 1926.757(a)(8)(i)).
9
Subpart R

Steel Erection

10
What is SENRAC?

Steel
Erection
Negotiated
Rulemaking
Advisory
Committee

11
Scope

Generally, Steel erection activities include
working on or from structural steel, steel
joists, or metal buildings!
Best PracticeSee 750 (b)(1)(2)

12
.750(a)Specifically

This Subpart does not cover electrical
transmission towers, communication and broadcast
towers or tanks

13
1926.752

Site layout
Site-specific erection plan
Construction sequence

14
.752(a) Approval to begin steel erection -
To be provided from the controlling

contractor in writing.

Best Practice Have Erector sign off
Keep a copy!
Notification requires

15
.752(a)

The concrete in the footings, piers and walls and
the mortar in the masonry piers and walls must
meet at least 75 minimum compressive strength.
(or sufficient ASTM method)
Best Practice Maintain a copy from test lab.
(2) Anchor bolts that have been repaired,
replaced or modified must meet .755 (b).
Best Practice Maintain a copy from S.E.O.R.

16
Steel Erector must receive written
notification prior to start up!

.752 (b) Commencement of steel erection

17
.752(c) Site layoutControlling Contractor is
responsible for

(1) Adequate and safe access site roads for
vehicular and pedestrian traffic
(2) Maintaining an adequate firm, graded and
drained work and storage area

18
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19
.752(d) Pre-planning of overhead hoisting
operations

To ensure that the requirements of .753(d)
(working under loads) are met

20
.752(e)Site-specific erection plan S.S.E.P.

A qualified person may develop alternate means
and methods that provide employee protection
Where employers elect
Best PracticeSee Appendix A.

21
QualifiedOne who, by possession of recognized
degree, certificate, or professional standing, or
who by extensive knowledge, training, and
experience, has successfully demonstrated the
ability to solve or resolve problems relating to
the subject matter, the work, or the project.
22
1926.753

Hoisting and Rigging

23
.753(a) All the provisions within subpart N
apply except -.550(g)(2) the use of a crane or
derrick to hoist employees on a personnel
platform is prohibited

Best Practice Review .550(g)
(b) paragraphs (c) thru (e) of this section also
apply

24
.753(c) General-(1) Pre-shift visual crane
inspection

(i) Cranes being used in steel erection
activities shall be inspected prior to each shift
by a competent person observed during operation
At a minimum shall include the following...

25
Competent PersonOne who is capable of
identifying existing and predictable hazards in
the surroundings or working conditions which are
unsanitary, hazardous, or dangerous to employees,
and who has authorization to take prompt
corrective measures to correct them.
26
.753(c)(1)(i)

(A) All control mechanisms for maladjustments
(B) Control and drive train for wear and
contamination
(C) Safety Devices
(D) Pressurized lines
(E) Hooks and latches
(F) Wire rope reeving
also

27
.753(c)(1)(i)

(G) Electrical
(H) Hydraulics
(I) Tires
(J) Proper ground conditions
(K) Leveling for the lift
(L) Leveling after each move and setup

28
.753(c)(1)

(ii) Competent person to access for deficiencies
which are hazardous
(iii) Hazardous equipment shall be removed from
service until corrected Tagged?
(iv) The operator shall be responsible for those
operations under the operators control.
(stoppage and refusal)

29
.753(c) (2) Rigging shall be inspected by a
qualified rigger prior to each lift

(3) No headache ball, hook or load riding!
(4) Cranes or derricks may be used to hoist
personnel during steel erection in accordance
with .550 except for .550(g)(2)

30
.753(c) (5) Safety latches on hooks shall be
kept operable

(i) Unless a qualified rigger has determined
that the hoisting and placing of purlins and a
single joist can be performed more safely
(ii) When equivalent protection is provided as
stated in the (S.S.E.P.)

31
.753(d) Working Under Loads.

(1) Pre-plan routes so no employee is required
to work below except when
(i) Performing initial connections
(ii) Hooking or unhooking the loads

32
.753(d) (2) When working under suspended
loads

(i) Rig loads to prevent shifting
(ii) Use hooks with self-closing safety latches
(iii) Only qualified riggers are allowed to rig

33
.753(e) Multiple Lift Rigging Procedure

(1) Only allowed when
(i) Multiple lift rigging assembly is
used
(ii) Five or less members are hoisted
(iii) Only beams or similar structures
(iv) All employees engaged have been trained
(v) Crane manufacture specified

34
Multiple Lift RiggingA rigging assembly
manufactured by wire rope rigging suppliers that
facilitates the attachment of up to five
independent loads to the hoist rigging of a crane.
35
Multiple Lift rigging
36
Multiple lift
37
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38
.753(e)(2) Rigging assembly shall have a 5 to 1
safety factor, certified by the manufacture or
qualified rigger.

(3) Total load shall not exceed
(i) Rated capacity of the load charts
(ii) Rigging capacity of the riggers
rating chart

39
.753(e)(4) Rigging assembly shall be
riggedwith members

(i) Attached at their center of gravity
(ii) Rigged from the top down
(iii) Rigged at least 7ft. apart

40
.753(e)(5) Set the Structural load from the
bottom up

(6) Whenever the load is over connectors
use controlled lowering!

41
1926.754

Structural steel assembly

42
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43
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44
.754(a) Stability is required to be maintained
at all times during the construction
process. What its all about!
45
.754(b) For multi-story structures

(1) No more than 8 stories between the erection
floor and the upper-most permanent floor
(2) No more than four floors or 48 ft.
(which ever is less of unfinished
connecting)
(3) Full floor or nets are needed within two
stories or 30 feet (which ever is less)
unless tied off 100

46
.754(c) Walking/working surfaces (1)
shear connectors and similar devices

(i)Tripping hazards shall not be attached to the
top flange of the beams/joists until W/W
surface has been installed
(ii) Shear connectors to be installed on decks
in accordance with .760(c)(8) (using fall
protection)

47
Floor shear connectors
48
Bridge shear connectors
49
754 (c) (2) Slip resistance
deckingReserved.

(3) Slip resistance skeletal
Federal - July 18, 2006

50
.754(d) Plumbing up

(1) Such equipment shall be installed when
deemed necessary by the competent person
(2) Properly install such equipment prior to
loading the structure with material
(3) Remove such equipment only with the approval
of the competent person

51
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52
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53
Typical Plumbing-up detail
54
Multi-storyplumbing-updetail
55
Typical plumbing up
56
.754(e) Metal decking(1) hoisting, landing
placing decking bundles

(i) Bundle packaging and strapping cant be used
(ii) Secure all loose items placed atop the
loads
(iii) Land in accordance with .757(e)(4)(Suffici
ent structural strength)
(iv) Framing members require sufficient support
(v) Keep decking secured against displacement

57
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58
.754(e)(2) Metal decking at roof and floor holes

(i) Framed openings shall have structural
members turned down (check design constraints
constructibility)
(ii) Roof and floor holes shall be decked over
or protect employees in accordance with
.760(a)(1) (fall protection)
(iii) Cut holes only immediately prior to being
permanently finished or for its intended use
(strength requirements!) or immediately cover

59
Deck Holes Means a gap or void more than two
inches in its least dimension and less than 12
inches in its greatest dimension

Deck Opening means a gap or void 12 inches or
more in its least dimension skylights?

60
should be turned down.
61
Typical deck hole
62
.754 (e)(3) Covering roof and floor openings

(i) Covers shall withstand 2x the weight imposed
(ii) Covers shall be secured
(iii) High vis paint or marked HOLE OR
COVER
(iv) Smoke dome skylights sufficient strength

63
.754 (e)(4) Fall protection is required at
decking gaps around columns.

(5) Installation of metal decking
(i) Laid tight and secured Or in
accordance with .760(c) (Controlled Decking
Zone)
(ii) Placed to ensure full support by
structural members during initial placement

64
.754 (e)(6) Derrick Floors

(i) Shall be full decked/planked with all
support member connection completed
(ii) Temp. loads shall be distributed over the
underlying support members

65
Derrick FloorAn elevated floor of a building
or structure that has been designated to receive
hoisted pieces of steel prior to the final
placement.
66
1926.755

Column Anchorage

67
.755(a) General requirements for erection
stability

(1)All columns to be anchored by four bolts
minimum
(2) Each anchor bolt assembly, column-to-base
plate and column foundation shall be capable of
supporting 300lbs. 18 in. from the outermost face
of the column

68
Column stability
300 lbs. min.
300 lbs. Min.
18 in.
18 in.
69
.755 (a)(3) Columns shall be set on adequate
materials intended to transfer the loads.

(4) Guying and bracing of the columns shall be
evaluated by a competent person.

70
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71
Typical column footings
72
.755(b) Repair, replacement or field
modifications

(1) Needs approval of project structural engineer
(2) The controlling contractor shall provide
written notification to the steel erector
Best Practice Keep Copies!

73
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74
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75
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76
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77
1926.756

Beams and columns

78
.756(a) General

(1) Solid web members need at least two bolts per
connection drawn-up before released.
(2) Competent person to assess if more anchorage
is required for cantilevered members

79
.756(b) diagonal bracing

Solid web members needs to be secured by at least
one bolt per connection also drawn-up

80
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81
.756 (c)(1) Double connections (columns or beam
webs) require one bolt to remain securely
connected to the first member while securing the
second memberBest Practice see Appendix H

Unless a seat or equivalent device is used such
as clipped end (notches on the top or bottom) or
staggered connections (extra hole in the column
web)

82
Double Connection

An attachment method where the connection point
is intended for two pieces of steel which share
common bolts on either side of a central piece
Ever heard of a Double double?

83
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84
Double connection staggered end
85
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86
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87
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88
Double connection seat
89
Another View
90
Non-seated double connection
91
.756(c)(2) If a seat or equivalent device is
used, it needs to be of sufficient strength - and
adequately attached to support both the
supporting member and the first member

(d) Each column splice needs to resist a 300 lb.
eccentric load 18 in. from the extreme outer face
from the top of the column

92
Column splice
18 in.
300 lbs. Min.
300 lbs. min.
18 in.
93
Typical column splices
94
Typical column splices
95
Typical column splices
96
Typical column splices
97
.756(e) (1) The perimeter columns need to
extend up at least 48 in. above the finished
floor prior to the erection of the next tier
(fall protection)

(2) 42 to 45 in. above finished floor -
attachment systems are needed along the perimeter
columns to allow for the safety cables

Best Practice See Appendix F
98
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99
1926.757

Open web steel joists

100
Bar joist secondary load carrier
101
Steel joist primary load carrier
102
.757(a) General (1) Where joists and columns
are not framed in at least two directions with
solid web members, the joist shall be field
bolted at the column

(a)(1)(i) By using a 6X6 vertical stabilizer
plate extending 3 in. below the bottom chord with
a 13/16 hole to provide for guying or plumbing

103
Vertical stabilizer plate
104
.757(a)(1)(ii) The bottom chords at the columns
need to be stabilized to prevent rotation

(iii) Hoisting cables shall not be released until
the joist seats are bolted and the bottom chord
is restrained

105
.757(a) (2) Where constructibility does not
allow a joist to be installed at the column

(i) Use alternate means - installed on both sides
near column, and
(a) Provide equivalent stability as above
(b) Be designed by a qualified person
(c) Be shop installed
(d) Be included in the erection drawings
(ii) Hoisting cables not to be released until
joist is bolted and secured

106
.757(a)(3) Tie or OSHA Joists lt 60 shall
be designed with enough strength to allow one
person onto it to release hoisting line without
need of erection bridging.

Note Implementation of this provision is delayed
to July 18, 2003

107
.757(a)(4) If joists set at or near columns
span more than 60 feet, they need to have all
bridging installed and set in tandem or use
S.S.E.P.

(5) Support structure to be stabilized first
before placing joist or girder atop

108
.757(a)(6) Secure such loads to prevent
displacement upon landing

(7) Get approval from the project structural
engineer of record before making modifications to
the joist/girder that would affect the strength

109
.757(a)(8)(i) Connections of individual joists
to structures in bays of 40 ft. need to be
fabricated for field bolting. Not pre-assembled
joist panels

(ii) These connections shall be field bolted
unless of constructibility

110
.757 (a)(9) Qualified person is required to
submit written approval for joists/girders to be
used for anchorage

(10) A bridging terminus point needs to be
established before bridging is installed

111
Bridging terminus point A wall, beam, tandem
joists, etc at an end or intermediate points of a
line of bridging that provides an anchor point
for the joist bridging
112
Steel joists connected to bridging terminus points
113
.757(b) Attachments(1) Each end of K series
joists need at least two 1/8 x 1 in. long welds
or two ½ in. bolts

(2) LH or DLH joists/girders require two ¼ X
2 in. long welds or two ¾ in. bolts

114
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115
Bar joist seat connection
116
.757(b) attachments(3) Each end of the joist
needs securing at least at one end at both sides
of the seat upon placement except when

(4) Pre-assembled panels with bridging shall be
attached at each corner before the hoisting
cables are released

117
.757 (c) Erection of joists (1) Use tables A
B to assess for bridging requirements

(2) For joists over 60 ft. attach both ends as
stated in (b) (attachment) and comply with (d)
(erection bridging) before releasing hoisting
cables

118
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119
757(c) Erection of joists (3) Only one
employee is allowed on the joists that do not
require erection bridging until all permanent
bridging is installed and anchored

(4) Employees are not allowed on joists whos
span is greater than or equal to those in tables
AB
(5) Where permanent bridging terminus bridging
points cant be used use temporary ones

120
.757(d)Erection bridging(1) Where the span is
greater than tables AB

(i) A row of bolted diagonal erection
bridging is needed near the midspan of
the joist
(ii) Keep hoisting cables attached until such
bridging is attached and anchored
(iii) No more than one employee may access the
spans until (i) and (ii) are met

121
Note arrow indicates row direction of bridging
Diagonal erection bridging bolted to joists
122
Note Horizontal Bridging
123
.757(d)Erection bridging(2) Where the span is
over 60 ft. thru 100 ft.

(i) All rows of bridging shall be bolted
diagonal
(ii) Two rows of such shall be installed
near the third points of the joists
(iii) Hoisting cables not to be released
until all bridging is installed and
anchored
(iv) No more than two employees are allowed
until all other bridging is installed
anchored

124
.757(d)Erection bridging(3) Where the span is
100ft. Thru 144ft

(i)All rows of bridging shall be bolted
diagonal
(ii) Hoisting cables not to be released until
all bridging is installed and
anchored
(iii) No more than two employees are allowed
until all other bridging is installed
anchored

125
.757(d)Erection bridging(4) For members over
144ft. use methods in .756 (beams and
columns)

(5) Where any joist is a bottom chord bearing
joist, provide a row of bolted diagonal bridging
near the supports. Anchor the bridging before
releasing hoisting cables

126
.757(d) Erection bridging(6) Where bolted
diagonal bridging is required

(i) It is also required on the erection drawing
(ii) It shall be the exclusive indicator for
placement
also

127
.757(d)(6)Erection bridging(iii) Shop
installed bridging clips (or equivalent) shall
be used where bridging bolts to joist

(iv) Where two bridgings are attached by a common
bolt, the nut shall not be removed to
attach the second bridging
(v) Bridging attachments shall not protrude above
the top chord of the joist

128
Typical bridging clip
129
.757(e) Landing and placing loads(1) The
employer placing the load is responsible to see
that it does not exceed the carrying capacity

(2) No construction loads are allowed on the
joists until all bridging is installed and
bearing ends of joists are installed

130
.757(e) Landing and placing loads(3) 1000lb.
Or less for a bundle of joist bridging and each
shall be placed on at least three secured joists

(4) No bundle of decking shall be placed on
joists until all bridging, and bearing ends are
secured unless

131
757(e)(4) Landing and placing loads(i) The
employer through the S.S.E.P. has determined
that the structure can
support the load

(ii) The bundles of decking need placement on 3
or more joists
(iii) The joists supporting the bundles are
attached at both ends and

132
757(e) Landing and placing loads(4)cont

(iv) At least one row of bridging is anchored
(v) The total weight of the bundle of decking
does not weigh more than 4000lb.
(vi) Placement of the bundle shall be
(5) Loads shall be placed within one foot of the
end of the bearing end of the joist

133
Critical lift
134
1926.758

Systems-engineered
metal buildings

135
Typical systems engineered building
136
.758(a) All of the subparts apply except .755
(column anchorage) and .757 (open web joists)

(b) Four anchor bolts needed for each structural
column

137
.758(c) Rigid frames need at least 50
(specified) secured on both sides of the web
adjacent to the flange before hoisting equipment
is released

(d) Construction loads shall not be placed on
any structural steel framework unless the
framework is secured

138
.758(e) When girts or eave struts share common
connection holes, at least one secured bolt shall
remain connected to the first member or
manufacture alternative

(f) Both ends of joists shall be fully secured
before
(1) Releasing hoisting cables
(2) Allowing an employee on the joist
(3) Allowing construction loads

139
.758 (g) Qualified person needs to
assess purlins/girts as anchorage points

(h) Purlins to be used as W/W surfaces when
installing safety, after permanent bridging is
installed and fall protection is provided
(i) Construction loads to be within 8ft. Of the
centerline of the primary support member

140
Girts
141
Purlins
142
1926.759

Falling Object Protection

143
.759(a) Secure loose items aloft

(b) Other than the materials being hoisted,The
controlling contractor shall bar any work below

144
1926.760

Fall protection

145
.760(a)(1) Employees engaged in steel erection
activities on a W/W surface more than 15ft. In
height require fall protection

(2) Safety cables are required at final interior
and exterior perimeter on multi-story structures
once decking is placed
(3) Connectors and those working in the
controlled decking zone required fall protection
as in (b)(c)

146
Typical Guard rail system
147
Typical Guard rail system
148
.760(b) Connectors(1) Need fall protection as
in (a)(1) if more than 2 stories or 30ft.

(2) Need to have completed connector training
(3) Need to be provided with PFA, positioning or
fall restraint systems and wear as necessary when
at heights from 15ft. To 30ft. or other
protection

149
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150
Rated Shackle and Eye Bolt for anchorage
151
Beamer, Glyder, Girder Grip
152
Typical Retractable Lanyards
153
Beamer in use
154
Note installed Stanchion
155
Note the installation
156
Installed Horizontal Lifeline
157
100 Point to Point Fall Protection
158
Note net in background
159
Horizontal Lifelinesfor elevations higher than
30ft.
160
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161
.760 (c) Controlled decking zones (CDZ) may be
installed between the 15ft. To 30ft. Heights
where decking is being initially installed and
forms the leading edge.The following shall apply
162
.760(c) Controlled decking zone (1)Two stories
or thirty ft. max. whichever is less (2) Only
leading edge workers allowed (3) 90x90 max.
clearly marked boundaries (4) CDZ training
completion required
and
163
760(c) Controlled decking zone(5) Unsecured
decking shall not exceed
3000ft2

(6) Safety deck attachments shall be performed
from the leading edge back with two attachments
for each panel
(7) Final deck attachments and installation of
shear connectors not to be done in the CDZ

164
Typical Controlled Decking Zone
165
Leading edge work
166
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167
Safety deck attachment
168
Shear connectors Nelson Studs
169
Installation of Nelson Studs
170
.760 (d) Criteria for fall protection
equipment(1) As in .502 (Subpart M)for
guardrail, safety net and personal fall arrest
systems

(2) Fall arrest system components shall be used
in fall restraint systems as in .502 (B.B.
harnesses)
(3) Perimeter safety cables also as in .502

171
.760(e) Fall protection shall remain where the
work has been completed, to be used by other
trades.Only if the controlling contractor

(1) Has directed the erector to leave it in place
(2) Has inspected and accepted control and
responsibility prior to others access

172
1926.761

Training

173
.761(a) Training by qualified personnel only

(b) The training program shall include
instruction in the following areas

174
.761(b)(1)The recognition and identification of
fall hazards

(2) The use and operation of FP hardware
(3)How to erect, maintain and disassemble
inspect
(4) Procedures to be followed to prevent falls
(5) The fall protection requirements of this
subpart

175
.761(c) Along with the above (a) (b)
Special training is required for

(1) Multiple lift rigging procedures
(i) The nature of the hazards associated
with(ii) The proper procedures and equipment
and

176
.761(c)(2) Connector procedures

(i) The nature of the hazards associated with
(ii) The establishment, access, proper
techniques and work practices
(3) Controlled decking zone procedures(I) The
nature of the hazards(ii) The establishment,
access, proper installation techniques
and practices

177
End of Standards