47th Navy Occupational Health

1
47th Navy Occupational Health Preventive
Medicine Conference (NEHC)

• US Navy Hazards of Electromagnetic Radiation to
  Personnel (HERP) Ship Survey and Certification
  Process

17 March 2008
Presented by Robert Needy E3 Assessment
Evaluation Branch (Q52)
DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT "D" - Distribution
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administrative/operational use (January 2007).
Other requests shall be referred to Commander
Dahlgren Division, (Q50), Naval Surface Warfare
Center, and 17320 Dahlgren Rd., Dahlgren, VA
22448-5100.   No secondary distribution
authorized without prior approval of NSWCDD
(Q50), Dahlgren, VA 22448-5100.   DESTRUCTION
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Security Manual, Section II-19 or DOD 5200.1R,
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method that will prevent disclosure of contents
or reconstruction of document.
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Discussion Topics

• HERP US Navy Safety Program
• HERP Safety Standards Instruction Status
• US Navy Certification Ship List

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HERP Ship Safety Program

• HERP - What is it ?
• Documentation Policy Standards Used

4
HERP Cause Effects
HERP Hazards of Electromagnetic Radiation to
Personnel
Cause Effects Non-Ionizing Radiation RF
Radiation (Body Heating) (RF Emissions) RF
Burn Excessive Body Currents -
Induced - Contact (grasping)
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Documentation Policy Safety Guidance Used

• Technical Warrant Holder NAVSEA 05W43 (Mark
  Johnson)
• Policy/Guidance
• DoDINST 6055.11 Protection of DoD Personnel
  from Exposure to RF Radiation
• OPNAVINST 5100.19D Occupational Safety Health
  (NAVOSH) Forces Afloat
• NAVSEA S9040-AA-GRP-010/SSCR Ship System
  Certification Requirements
• NAVSEAINST 9700.2 Integrated Topside Safety and
  Certification Program (Pointing, Firing, and
  RADHAZ Cutouts)
• OP 3565 Vol I HERP/HERF Technical Guidance
  Handbook
• Baseline Standard
• DoD NAVOSH Exposure Limits are derived from
  recommended limits established by American
  National Standards Institute (ANSI)/IEEE C95.1
  which serve as a consensus standard of industry,
  scientific communities, government agencies and
  the public
• IEEE C95.1 Standard for safety levels with
  respect to human exposure to RF fields 3 KHz to
  300 GHz

US Navy HERP Safety Programs Guided by DODINST
6055.11
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HERP C95.1 Standard Characteristics

• RF Exposure Limits Based Upon Specific Absorption
  Rate (SAR) Time Derivative of Energy Absorbed in
  a Body Mass
• SAR is a Thermal Heating Effect
• Currently C95.1 Sets SAR Threshold at 4 W/kg with
  a Safety Factor of (10) 0.4 w/kg Above 4
  W/kg, There is an Increasing Chance of Adverse
  Biological Effects, But at or Below, There is No
  Established Evidence of Harm to Health
• Based Upon a Two Tier Standard
• Controlled Environments Occupational Areas
• Uncontrolled Environments Public Areas
• IEEE C95.1 Defines Exposure Limits in Terms
• RF Radiated Fields V/m, A/m, mW/cm2
• Induced Body Currents Feet/Foot (mA) (3 KHz
  to 100 MHz)
• Contact Body Currents Grasping Contact (mA)
  (3 KHz to 100 MHz)

A conservative standard based upon Biological
Thermal Effects
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HERP Safety Program

• Ship HERP Survey Process
• Instrumentation
• Shipboard Measurements
• Control Measures Implementation
• NAVSEA Ship Certification Process

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Ship HERP Mitigation Process
Guidelines/Instructions (IEEE C95.1 Baseline) DOD
INST 6055.11

• Develop
• Administrative
• Control Measures
• Freq Pwr Management
• Post Warning Signs
• Check Radar/SATCOM
• Cutouts
• Provide On-Site
• Training Report

Evaluate Workplace EME On-Site Instrumented
Measurements
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Instrumented Measurements
Measurement Data used to Develop HERP Control
Measures
NAVSEA Dahlgren Division NSWC/Q52 is the
Technical Agent for Shipboard HERP Mitigation
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Survey Instrumentation
NARDA EM Survey Meter Model 8723D With Model
8723D Isotropic Probe
HOLADAY Model HI-4422 Electric Field Probe Model
HI-4416 Readout Meter
MISSION RESEARCH Model MG-4501 Current
Meters (Induced/Contact Body Current)
NAVSEA RF Voltmeter (RF-Burn)
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Radiation Hazard Warning Signs used on Ships
Type 1
Type 2
Type 3
Type 4
Type 5

• When properly displayed
• Identify Hazards
• Inform Sailors how to avoid Hazards

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Posted Warning Signs
Personnel Exposure Limit (PEL) Warning Lines
RF Burn Warning Sign
Warning Signs
PEL Lines
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RF Burn Issues

• The Use of a RF Insulating Link Installed on
  Cargo/Boat Cranes Mitigates Potential RF Burn
  Safety Issue discovered onboard USS SAN ANTONIO
  (LPD 17)

2-2 HF Antenna
Crane Wire
LPD 17 Insulating Link Recently Purchased
Measurements w/o Insulating Link
Source of RF Burn
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CAMS RADHAZ Cutout
(2)
(1)
(3)
Fire Control Director
(1)
NSSWS DIRECTOR
(1) WSC-8 ANTENNA (2) CIWS MOUNT (3)
AS-3081/WSC-1 ANTENNA
Verify Radiation Cutout Zones Have Not Been
Compromised
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HERP Ship Certification Process
NAVSEA PEOs SHIP TYPE COMMANDER EQUIPMENT
MANAGERS NAVSEA S9040-AA-GTP-010/SSCR CERTIFICATIO
N REQUIREMENT NEW CONSTRUCTION SHIP
ALTS EQUIPMENT UPGRADES
NAVSEA 05W43 HERP WARRENY HOLDER SHIP
CERTIFICATION (Policy Direction)
Certification Message Issued
NSWCDL Ship Certification Draft Message forwarded
to NAVSEA
Requirements Schedule Money
Request for Certification
HERP CERTIFICATION ISSUED TO AFLOAT COMMANDS
NSWCDL TECHNICAL EXECUTION AGENT
HERP SURVEY EXECUTED WITH SHIPS SUPPORT CONTROL
MEASURES INSTALLED RADHAZ AWARENESS TRAINING
Ship Coordination Support Scheduling
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RF Safety Instructions/Standards

• IEEE C95.1 Revision Status
• IEEE C95.6 (0-3kHz) Introduction
• DoDINST 6055.1 Revision Status
• Tri-Service Panel (TERP)
• OPNAVINST 5100.19D
• OP 3565 Vol I Revision

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IEEE C95.1 Revision Status

• Safety Levels WRT Human Exposure to EM Fields 3
  KHz to 300 GHz
• Initial Guidelines Were Published in 1993
• Updated to Clarify Issues Associated with Body
  Currents and Re-Published in 1999
• A Complete C95.1 Revision was finished
  in 2005, and published in 2006
• 
  
• Controlled Environments safety limit have remain
  relatively unchanged. Uncontrolled General
  Public criteria have undergo significant changes
  in a effort to lower the limits in a effort to
  harmonize with ICNIRP.

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EM Personnel Hazards 0 to 3KHz C95.6

• Published in Oct 2002
• Adverse Biological Effects
• Nerve stimulation causing pain
• Inadvertent muscle excitation that may lead to
  work place injury
• Alteration of synaptic activity within
  the brain
• Cardiac excitation
• Adverse effects associated with blood flow

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Summary of C95.6 (0-3kHz) Guidelines (Basic
Restrictions)

• Two Tier Standard Controlled Environment
  General Public
• Basic Restrictions for the Various Regions of
  the Body In-Situ Electric Fields (V/m)
• Brain
• Heart
• Hands, Wrist, Feet Ankles
• Maximum Permissible Exposure (MPE) - Magnetic
  Fields (A/m)
• Head Torso
• Limits Vary with Frequency Ranges (0 3 kHz)
• Induced (feet) Contact Current (grasping
  touching)

Note In-Situ As Measured Within Biological
Tissue is Not a Field Measurable Quantity.
Note Compliance with the Magnetic Fields MPE,
Which are Readily Measurable Quantities, Will
Ensure Compliance with theBasic Restrictions
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Summary of C95.6 (0-3kHz) Guidelines (Contd)

• Environmental Electric Field MPEs for Whole Body
• Specifies Electric Field strengths for General
  Public Controlled Environment exposures for
  various frequency ranges 0 to 3 kHz
• Induced and Contract Current MPEs for Both the
  General Public, and Controlled Environment the
  Following Conditions
• Both feet
• Each Foot
• Contact grasp
• Contact touch

Whole Body Body Current MPEs Given Based Upon
Numerous Special Considerations Listed in the
C95.6 Std.
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DoDINST 6055.11 Status

• Baseline DoD Instruction WasPublished By the
  RFRWG/TERP inFeb of 1995 Which Adopted theIEEE
  Std. C95.1 GuidelinesPublished in 1993.
• A Revision to DODINST 6055.11 isin Process,
  Which Will Adopt theRecently Incorporated
  Changes tothe IEEE Std. C95.1 Published in April
  2006 Along with a Recommendation for DoD Services
  to Use the Newly Published IEEE Std. C95.6
  Guidelines (0 to 3 kHz). The Current DoDINST
  Does Not Provide Guidance Below 3 kHz.

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RFRWG Radio Frequency Radiation Working Group
(Formally) Tri-Service Electromagnetic Radiation
Panel (TERP)

• Mission
• Technical Advisor to DoD Environmental,
  Occupational and Safety Activities on all aspects
  of Radio Frequency Safety and Health Issues.
• Interfaces with other Federal, national and
  international organizations.
• Includes Experts from all DoD Services in the
  areas of bioeffects research, operations,
  medical, and policy.
• Prepares DoD draft positions on Radio Frequency
  Radiation standards issues and Environmental
  Impact Statements.
• Addresses Current DoD media concerns.
• Provides Representation on DoD Safety
  Occupational Health Working Group under the
  Deputy Under Secretary of Defense (Environment,
  Safety and Occupational Health )

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OPNAVINST 5100.19D Status

• Current Status
• Revised August 2001 to reflectcurrent 1999
  version of IEEEC95.1 (3 kHz 300 GHz)
• Proposed Changes
• Revision in process to adoptguidelines listed in
  recentlyPublished IEEE Std. C95.6 (0 3 kHz)
• C95.6 Guidelines are Needed to Avoid Potential
  Hazards as a Result of Emerging Technological
  Developments WRT Direct-Drive Electric
  Propulsion, Electromagnetic Rail Gun, and
  Electromagnetic Launched Aircraft Developments

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OP 3565 Vol I HERP/HERF Revision Six

• Handbook of Technical Guidance for Personnel
  Fuel Hazards
• Revision reflects current guidanceprovided by
  DoDINST 6055.11
• US Navy Shipboard/Aircraft/Shore emitterlist
  updated
• Technical discussion of HERP HERF
• Calculated HERP safe separationdistances listed
• HERF (Fuel) guidance remains unchanged
• Revision published in 2003 Volumes I II
  published on same CD

HERP
HERF
gasoline
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Safety Status of US Navy Fleet
RADHAZ Baseline SurveysConducted OnboardUS Navy
Ships(Post 1995)
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US Navy Ship Status Baseline RADHAZ Surveys

• Carriers
• CVs
• CVNs
• Combatants
• Cruisers (CG)
• Destroyers (DDG)
• Frigates (FFG)
• Amphibious Warfare Command
• LCC
• Amphibious Assault
• LHA
• LHD

• Amphibious Transport Docks
• LPD 4
• LPD 17
• Coastal Patrol Craft
• PC
• Mine Warfare
• MCM
• MHC
• Submarine Tenders
• AS
• Salvage
• ARS
• Miscellaneous Command
• AGF

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US Navy Ship Status Baseline RADHAZ Surveys
(Contd)

• Underway Replenishment
• AOE
• Submarines
• SSN 21 (SEAWOLF)
• SSN 688 (LOS ANGELES)
• SSN (VIRGINIA)
• SSBN
• Military Sealift Command
• T-AE
• T-AFS
• T-AGS
• T-AN
• T-AKR
• T-AO
• T-AKE

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QUESTIONS ?