3D Flux rope Model with Adjustable Twist

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3D Flux rope Model with Adjustable Twist
Titov Démoulin (1999)
1. flux rope
3 field sources
3. line-current
2. magnetic   charges
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I0 I
Initial Configuration (Titov Démoulin)
Normal Field at Surface
flux-rope footprint
I flux rope current
I0 sub-surface line current
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Extreme Limits of TD Configuration
I0 0
I0 500 I
I flux rope current
I0 sub-surface line current
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Line-Tied Displacements
side view (x 0)
end view (y 0)
initial
displaced
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Confined Eruption
Kliem Török (2004)
strong toroidal field everywhere (large
sub-surface line current)
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Failed Eruption Observed by TRACE
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Simulation of Torus Instability
1. no subsurface line current 2. subcritical
twist for helical kink 3. torus center near
surface
nonhelical kink (see Bateman 1973)
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