Texas Revolution

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Texas Revolution

• CH 3.3

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Texas flags
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Land

• Mexico invited Americans to Texas 1821-24
• Allowed to bring slaves
• Wanted to discourage Indian attacks
• Americans had to obey Mexican laws in exchange
  for land
• Eventually Americans outnumbered Tejanos
• Tex-Mex person

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Revolution

• Most Americans were Protestant and slave owners
• Mexico is Catholic abolished slavery 1829
• 1830 Mexico stopped U.S. immigration
• 1833 Stephen Austin travelled to Mexico City to
  present Texas independence plan

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Battles

• President Santa Ana rejected independence
• Sent 4000 troops to TX
• Alamo, mission and fort, 12 day siege, Mexico won
• Became symbolic of American bravery
• Sam Houston captured Santa Ana at Battle of San
  Jacinto, only 18 minutes long

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Alamo
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Jim Bowie
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Davy Crockett
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San Jacinto Memorial
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view from the top
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Independence

• March 2, 1836 TX declared independence
• President Santa Ana signed Treaty of Velasco --gt
  TX independent
• GB and France recognize treaty
• July 1836 Sam Houston elected president of TX

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Defeat of Santa Ana
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Mexican Army
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Mexican Cavalry
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Statehood

• U.S. did not want to add another slave state or
  risk war with Mexico
• TX became a republic a separate country
• Lone Star State
• Houston pretended to negotiate with Great Britain
  to annex TX
• December 1845 Congress added Texas as 28th state

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Sam Houston
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Mexican American War

• CH 3.3

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The Fandango, 1873
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Causes

• MX angry about TX annexation in 1845
• Pres. Polk wanted more land
• Texans believed border was Rio Grande
• MX believed border was 100 miles smaller at
  Nueces River
• Nov 1845 U.S. offered 25 million for land
• MX refused offer

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President Polk
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Lincoln, anti-war
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• Polk sent U.S. troops to Rio Grande to provoke
  war
• MX viewed this as an invasion
• Southerners, pro-war, want land for farming
• Northerners, anti-war, fear more slavery

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War

• Congress declared war after 11 troops killed in
  TX
• Kearny takes New Mexico without a shot
• Taylor captured Monterrey, Mexico
• Scott captured Veracruz
• 1847 Scott captured Mexico City (capital)

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Our state flag
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John Charles Fremont
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War in California

• 1846 U.S. troops explore California
• Fremont led U.S. troops declared independence
  from Mexico
• Bear Flag Republic
• Epilogue
• 1849 gold discovered in California
• Became the 31st state in 1850

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Battle of San Pascualnortheast of San Diego
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same battle, different artist!
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Pio Pico, last Mexican governor of California
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Results

• Mexico lost 50,000 men and half its land
• U.S. lost 13,000 men (11,000 disease) and
  enlarged by one-third
• Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo signed Feb 2, 1848
• TX border established at Rio Grande
• U.S. paid MX 15 million

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Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
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