Geography 38:286 Computer Cartography

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Geography 38286Computer Cartography

• Application of Geomatics Technologies for
  Emergency Management Response

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What is a Geomatics?

• Geomatics is the science and technology of
  gathering, analyzing, interpreting, distributing
  and using geographic information
• Geomatics includes
• surveying
• mapping
• remote sensing (RS)
• geographic information systems (GIS)
• global positioning system (GPS)

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What is a Geomatics?

• Surveying
• measurement of
• distances
• directions
• elevations
• angles
• for determining absolute or relative location
• used mostly for property mgmt., construction
  engineering

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What is a Geomatics?

• Mapping
• Graphic representation of real world
• Depict spatial distribution of features and their
  attributes
• Includes
• data collection and analysis
• map design using appropriate technique
• production
• in accordance with cartographic theory and
  practice
• i.e. the rules of map making

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What is a Geomatics?

• GPS
• a satellite-based positioning/navigation system
• consisting of
• a constellation of satellites
• network of ground control stations
• and a relatively inexpensive receiver
• used for determining absolute location through
  the principles of triangulation (satellite
  ranging)

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Satellite Ranging
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What is a Geomatics?

• Remote Sensing
• the science and art of obtaining information
  about an object or phenomenon
• through the analysis of data collected by
  instruments or sensors
• without direct contact with the feature in
  question

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Simple Remote Sensing System
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Complete RS System
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Photogrammetry

• The extraction of quantitative information from
  aerial photography.
• Typically applied to vertical photos.
• Includes measures of distance, area, direction,
  and height.

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Satellite Imagery
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Multispectral Scanner Imagery
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Spectral Signatures
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Digital Image Classification
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Digital Image Classification
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What is a Geomatics?

• GIS
• an information system consisting of
• hardware, software, spatial data,
  personnel,organizational and institutional
  arrangements
• used for the
• management, integration, storage, retrieval,
  creation, manipulation, analysis, and display
• of spatial information

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Spatial Information
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Geospatial Data
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Geospatial Database

• GIS software links the location data and the
  attribute data

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Spatial Analysis
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Integrated GIS (IGIS)

• Application that involves some degree of
  integration b/w geomatics technologies
• Degree of integration varies considerably
• Perceived advantages
• seemless data transfer
• real-time data acquisition/analysis
• expert systems
• Disadvantages?

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Models of Integration

• Gao (2002, PERS) identified 4 levels
• Focused on integration of RS, GPS and GIS
• Linear unidirectional flow
• Interactive bidirectional flow
• Hierarchical tiers that are unidirectional
• Complex bidirectional between all components