APES EXAM 1 REVIEW CONCEPTS

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APES EXAM 1 REVIEW CONCEPTS
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SILENT SPRING

• Carsons history
• Widespread use of DDT
• Scorched earth policy
• Non-selective pesticides
• Backlash from chemical industry
• Set in motion the env movement
• Indiscriminate spraying

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Population graphs

• Different phases
• High quality vs. low quality habitats
• Carrying capacity
• Dieback
• Linear growth

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• Exponential growth
• Limiting factors
• J shaped and s shaped curves
• Predator - prey
• K selected , r selected, intermediate

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Reproductive strategies

• K selected
• r selected
• Examples of each
• Characteristics of each
• Suseptability to extinction, endangered
• Same evolutionary goal

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Demography

• Demographers
• Histograms - indications of shape
• Total fertility rates
• Age distribution structures
• Rule of 70
• ZPG
• Crude birth and death rates
• Sociological, economic, religious influences

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• Immigration and emigration
• Growth rates in developed and developing
  countries
• Historical population levels for humans
• Effects of starvation, war, etc
• Doubling time
• Infant mortality rate

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Population Control Programs

• China
• India
• Thailand
• Italy
• Pros and cons, effectiveness of each of the
  programs

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• Problems in Africa
• Education of women
• Birth control methods
• 6.5 billion

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Sustainability

• Affluenza
• Easter Island
• High throughput economies
• Low throughput economies
• Ecological footprints
• Agricultural revolution
• Environmental Protection Agence
• Preservationist vs. conservationist
• Frontier mentality

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• Positive , negative feedback loops
• Renewable vs nonrenewable energy / resources
• First, second law of thermodynamics
• Fusion vs fission
• Fossil fuels, alternative energies
• Tragedy of the commons

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Ecology

• Populations, communities, ecosystem, biosphere
• Environmental wisdom
• Multiple use
• Natural capital
• Solar capital
• Trophic levels , 10 rule
• Borneo
• Overhunting, resource use

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• Stages of succession
• LD50
• Clumping, uniform, random
• Point / nonpoint pollution
• Environmental movement by the decades
• Biotic , abiotic
• Biodiversity
• Biogeochemical cycles
• Chemosynthesis
• Decomposers, detritus, detritivore
• Ecotone

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• Biotic potential
• Environmental resistance
• Monoculture
• Population distribution
• Pathogen
• Generalist, specialist

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Geology

• Core, mantle, crust
• Plate techtonics
• Divergent plates
• Subduction zone
• Convergent plate
• Oceanic vents
• Rocks / minerals
• Stratosphere, troposphere, atmosphere, biosphere,
  lithosphere, hydrosphere

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• Igneous, sedimentary, metamorphic
• Ring of fire, plate boundaries
• Ohio bedrock
• Lithosphere, hydrosphere
• Weathering, erosion, erosion prevention
• Soil, soil horizons

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Mining

• Surface, underground
• Strip, pit, contour mining
• Overburden
• Environmental damage
• Depletion time
• Ore, spoils
• Richter scale

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Biogeochemical cycles

• Sulfur
• Hydrological
• Potassium
• Nitrogen

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Labs

• Goldenrod gall
• Duckweed population
• Squirrel mast
• Biodiversity

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• Ohio Fossil
• Mineral Identification
• Road Salt
• succession

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