Recent Status of NEMS/NMMB-AQ Development

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Recent Status of NEMS/NMMB-AQ Development

• Youhua Tang1, Jeffery T. McQueen2, Sarah Lu1,
• Thomas L. Black2, Zavisa Janjic2, Mark D.
  Iredell2,
• Carlos Pérez García-Pando3, Oriol Jorba
  Casellas3,
• Pius Lee4, Daewon Byun4, Paula M. Davidson5, and
  Ivanka Stajner6
• 1. Scientific Applications International
  Corporation
• 2. NOAA/NCEP/EMC
• 3. Barcelona Supercomputing Center, Edificio
  Nexus II c/ Jordi Girona 29,
• Barcelona, Spain
• 4. NOAA Air Resource Laboratory
• 5. Office of Science and Technology,NOAA/National
  Weather Service
• 6. Noblis Inc, Falls Church, VA

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Advantages of the ESMF Framework for Air Quality
Application

• An inline model allows frequent interaction
  between meteorological and air quality processes.
• - Especially important for non-hydrostatic
  scales when meteorological features have fine
  temporal and spatial scales.
• This air quality model can be driven by different
  meteorological models (which can be on different
  grids, e.g. for quick testing)
• A common framework allows varying degrees of
  coupling and flexibility.

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Pros and Cons of the Inline Model

• Immediate and fast data access to the
  corresponding meteorological model.
• Overall efficiency by reducing the intermediate
  I/O files
• Can provide in-situ feedback to the met model
• Depends more on the met model than the offline
  version.
• Could slow down the meteorological forecast when
  running in the same domain

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NOAA Environmental Modeling System (NEMS)(uses
standard ESMF compliant software)
Application Driver
ESMF Superstructure (component definitions, mpi
communications, etc)
Analysis -------------- Ocean ------------- Wind
Waves -------------- LSM -------------- Ens.
Gen. -------------- Other
Atmospheric Model
Physics (1,2,3)
Coupler1 Coupler2 Coupler3 Coupler4 Coupler5 Coupl
er6 Etc.
Dynamics (1,2)
Chemistry
1-1 1-2 1-3 2-1 2-2 2-3
Multi-component ensemble Stochastic forcing
Bias Corrector Post processor Product
Generator Verification Resolution change
ESMF Utilities (clock, error handling, etc)
Earth System Modeling Framework (NCAR/CISL,
NASA/GMAO, Navy (NRL), NCEP/EMC), NOAA/GFDL
2, 3 etc NCEP supported thru NUOPC, NASA, NCAR
or NOAA institutional commitments Components are
Dynamics (spectral, FV, NMM, FIM, ARW, FISL,
COAMPS)/Physics (GFS, NRL, NCAR, GMAO, ESRL)
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NEMS Atmosphere
Component class
Color Key
Coupler class
Atmospheric Model
Completed Instance
Under Development
unified atmosphere including digital filter
Future Development
Dynamics
Physics and Chemistry
Dyn-Phy Coupler
NMM-B
NAM Phy
ARW
CMAQ Chemistry
Simple
Spectral
GFS Phy
FVCORE
Regrid, Redist, Chgvar, Avg, etc
GOCART Aerosol model
FIM
NOGAPS
WRF Phy
FISL
Navy Phy
COAMPS
Simple Chemistry
FVCORE Finite-Volume Dynamical Core NOGAPS
Navy's Operational Global Atmospheric Prediction
System COAMPS Coupled Ocean/Atmosphere Mesoscale
Prediction System
NMM-B Nonhydrostatic Multiscale Model on B grid
FIM Flow-following finite-volume Icosahedral
Model FISL Fully-Implicit Semi-Lagrangian
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Two Inline Methods
A)
Air Quality Model Dynamics Physics Chemistry
Meteorological Model Dynamics Physics
Exchange data via the memory with specified time
frequency
Meteorological I/O
AQ I/O
B)
Meteorological Model/Air Quality Model
Dynamics with passive tracers
Physics with AQ species

Chemistry
Unified I/O
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Pros and Cons of the two Methodsin NEMS

• Method A Allows flexibility and can be made
  consistent
• Can keep most of the original AQM
  architecture with minimal changes.
• Different components can run on different grids
  supported by ESMF
• Inconsistencies may exist between
  meteorological and air quality models
• Overhead due to different dynamics/physics and
  diagnostic variables
• Method B Focuses on efficiency and is
  inherently consistent
• All computation uses common native grid and
  dynamics
• High efficiency
• Low flexibility. Introduces dependency on
  certain meteorological dynamics or physics
  components
• Require positive-definite mass-consistent
  advection scheme and inclusion of AQ
• processes in the meteorological modules

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MAIN Program
Framework of NEMS/NMMB-AQ
Import State Export State
Method B
MAIN Gridded Component INIT-RUN-FINALIZE
Import State Export State
Dyn-Phys COUPLER Component INIT-RUN-FINALIZE
Import State Export State
Import State Export State
General Output Gridded Component INIT-RUN-FINALIZE
General Output Gridded Component INIT-RUN-FINALIZE
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NMM-B Dynamical Core

• Coordinate System and Grid
• Global lat-lon, regular grid
• Regional rotated lat-lon, more uniform grid size
• Arakawa B grid (in contrast to the WRF-NMM E
  grid)
• Pressure-sigma hybrid (Sangster 1960 Arakawa and
  Lamb 1977 Simmons and Burridge 1981)
• Flat coordinate surfaces at high altitudes where
  sigma problems worst (e.g. Simmons and Burridge,
  1981)
• Higher vertical resolution over elevated terrain
• No discontinuities and internal boundary
  conditions
• Lorenz vertical grid
• NMM-B Advection Scheme for Passive Tracers
• Conservation through flux cancelations, not
  forced a posteriori
• Quadratic conservative advection scheme coupled
  with continuity equation
• Crank-Nicholson for vertical advection

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The NMM-Bs new scheme is shown to be mass
conservative
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Courtesy Barcelona Supercomputing Center
(BSC) Designated center within WMO Sand and Dust
Storm Warning Advisory and Assessment System
(SDS-WAS), NMM/BSC-DUST model
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CMAQ WRF-CHEM NMMB-AQ
Model Framework CMAQ WRF NEMS/ESMF
Input Meteorology Offline, recalculate some variables, like w and PBL heights Inline Inline
Input frequency hourly Every advection time Step Every advection time Step
Advection scheme piecewise parabolic method WRF-ARW, WRF-NMM NMM-B
PBL Mixing ACM2 (derived from input meteorology) Kz (calculated from YSU, MYJ etc) Inline MYJ
Convective Mixing ACM (derived) Grell (derived) BMJ adjustment or Grell (derived)
Gaseous Mechanism CB04, CB05, SAPRC RADM2, CBMZ, CB05, RACM CB05
Photolysis Look-up-table, Simplified TUV Fast-J, Fast-TUV TUV, Fast-TUV
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NMMB Dry Run ONLY without convective mixing or
wet scavenging
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Solutions to avoid slowing down the Met forecast

• Run AQM on sub-domains
• Run AQM as a separate cycle from the operational
  Met model

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Summary

• The development of NEMS/NMMB inline air quality
  model has started using ESMF framework
• Most of related chemical/physical modules are
  zero-dimensional or one dimensional, which can be
  placed into this system directly, either as
  normal subroutines or as an ESMF gridded
  component. We will use CMAQ existing chemical
  modules in this system.
• The new mass-conservative NMM-B advection scheme
  can support air quality applications.

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Next steps for NEMS/NMMB-AQ development

• Add convective mixing for passive tracers
• Add in-cloud and under-cloud chemical scavenging.
• Replace interpolated emissions with native- grid
  emissions (CMAQ SMOKE package)
• Biogenic emission and Dry deposition inline
• Alternative more flexible coupling approach
  through a separate chemistry grid component
  (method A) will be explored
• Feedback case testing leverage NEMS radiative
  interactions