From the Greek tecton

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TECTONICS

• From the Greek tecton
• builder
• architect
• The study of large features on Earths surface
  and the processes that formed them.

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PLATE TECTONICS

• Large features
• continents
• ocean basins
• mountain ranges
• and processes
• earthquakes
• volcanic eruptions
• due to movement of plates of Earths outer shell.

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Cracked Egg Shell
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Lithosphere?
Asthenosphere?
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Oreo Psycho-Personality Test

• Psychologists have discovered that the manner in
  which people eat Oreo cookies provides great
  insight into their personalities. Choose which
  method best describes your favorite method of
  eating Oreos
• - 1. The whole thing at once.
• 2. One bite at a time.
• 3. Slow and methodical nibbles examining the
  results of each bite afterwards.
• 4. In little feverous nibbles.
• 5. Dunked in some liquid (milk, coffee ..)
• 6. Twisted apart, the inside, then the cookie.
• 7. Twisted apart, the inside, and toss the
  cookie.
• 8. Just the cookie, not the inside.
• 9. I just like to lick them, not eat them.
• 10. I dont have a favorite way because I dont
  like Oreos.

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6. Twisted apart, the inside, then the cookie.

• You have a highly curious nature.
• You take pleasure in breaking things apart to
  find out how they work, though not always able to
  put them back together, so you destroy all the
  evidence of your activities.
• You Deny your involvement when things go wrong.
• You are a compulsive liar and exhibit deviant, if
  not criminal, behavior.

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The lithosphere slides on the asthenosphere
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PLATE BOUNDARIES
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PLATE BOUNDARIES

• Divergent
• plates move away from each other
• Convergent
• plates move towards each other
• Transform
• plates slide past each other, side-by-side

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Divergent Plate Boundary
Plates move away from one another.
Lithosphere created.
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DIVERGENT PLATE BOUNDARY
-makes the mid-ocean ridge -gentle
volcanoes -shallow earthquakes -forms more ocean
floor
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Examples Iceland Mid-Atlantic Ridge
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Divergent Plate Boundaries

• Can tear the continent in two, making new oceans

like Africa
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Iceland
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Divergent Plate Boundary
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Convergent Plate Boundary

• Plates move toward one another
• Lithosphere destroyed
• Three types
• Continent to continent
• Continent to ocean
• Ocean to ocean

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ConvergentOcean to Ocean

• Destroys old ocean lithosphere
• Ocean plate subducted under other plate and melts
  
• Explosive volcanoes
• Island arc (Japan, Philippines, Aleutians)
• Continental (volcanic) arc (western U.S., Andes,
• S. Mexico)
• Great earthquakes

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ConvergentContinent to Ocean

• The dense, leading edge of the oceanic plate
  actually pulls the rest of the plate into the
  flowing asthenosphere and a subduction zone is
  born where the two plates intersect, a deep
  trench forms.

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Continent to Oceanan Example

• produces the spectacular volcanic landscape of
  the Northwest.
• a small plate, the Juan de Fuca, dives beneath
  North America
• produces historic earthquakes of great
  magnitudes.

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ConvergentContinent to Continent

• Form huge mountains
• No volcanoes
• Large earthquakes
• Folded rocks, faults, continents joined together
• Examples Himalayas, Alps

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Himalayas
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Olympic National Park
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Convergent Plate Boundary
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Transform Plate Boundary

• No volcanoes
• Earthquakes
• Moderate to great
• Example San Andreas Fault

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Transform Plate Boundary
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Transform Plate Boundary
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Plate Tectonics and the Rock Cycle

• Igneous
• Cooling and crystallization of magma
• volcanic arcs, rifts/ridges
• Metamorphic
• At depth, especially within arcs
• Sedimentary
• Uplift, weathering, erosion, deposition
• Especially where mountains built up at plate
  margins

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Plate Tectonics and the Rock Cycle