VAISHALI

1
SITE PRESENTATION
VAISHALI
ICAR research complex for eastern region Patna,
Bihar India
2
Vaishali District (Bihar)
Study Site

3
Characteristics
Low Productivity Food deficit region Rice-wheat
system Poor infrastructure Low input use High
rainfall
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Collected available secondary data Collected
available literature Collected primary data
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Food production
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LAND USE
AREA UNDER CULTIVATION 152348.14 ha
FOREST Nil
BARREN/UNCULTIVABLE LAND 1977 ha
CULTIVABLE WASTE 39304.0 ha
PERMANENT GRAZING 359.33 ha
AREA NOT AVAILABLE FOR CULTIVATION 23984.11 ha
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IRRIGATION
ha
Net Irrigation Area Net area Irrigated through Private Tube wells Area Irrigated through Canals Area Irrigated through wells Area Irrigated through Govt. tube wells Area Irrigated through Pond others 50493 29558 4550 6559 4797 2029
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Crop 2002-2003 2002-2003 2002-2003
A (ha) P (t) Y (kg)
PADDY 48293 61294 1269
WHEAT 43369 91786 2116
MAIZE 12105 48981 4046
GRAM 107 108 1009
LENTIL 265 149 562
ARHAR 1522 1289 847
Khesari 83 51 614
Green Gram 16429 8855 539
Potato 6861 45570 6642
Tobacco 6252 7027 1124
Mustard 2816 1760 625
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Area covered under HYV 35 Percent Area under
local varieties 65 percent
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Yield loss during crop failure
Crop of normal
Paddy 40-50
Maize 50-75
Wheet 30-40
Potato 30-50
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Livestock
Plough Animals 127542
Diary Animal 158631
(i) Cattle 67216
(ii) Buffalos 91415
Sheep, Goats Others 171200
Poultry 63284
12
Animal resources
Percent HH
Particulars Draught animals Milch animals
Landless 5 40
Less than 1 ha 16 44
Above 1ha 9 86
Total 13 47
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SIZE OF HOLDINGS
Category No.  Percent Area in Hect.  Percent
Less than 1 Hect. 439643 93 84401 55
Between 1 and 2 hect. 24214 5 32252 21
Above 2 hect. 11263 2 36532 24
Total 475120 100 153185 100
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Working Population
Cultivators 313576
Agriculture laborers 242159
Household Cottage industries 175221
Others 90279
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Migration
Category Percent HH
Landless 41.21
upto 1 36.03
1 to 2.5 12.76
2.5 to 5 6.84
5 to 10 2.24
above 10 0.92
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Reasons of Migration
Reasons Percent HH
in search of employment 38.69
for better wage 38.23
for self employment 2.55
study 0.65
fight/tension in the village 1.78
follow/accompany family 3.20
got job/transfer of job 13.55
Others 1.35
Total 100.00
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Distribution
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Roads Railways
Total length of metallic road (in Km.) Total length of Non metallic road (Km.) Total length of Katcha road (Km.) Total length of railway tracks (Km.) 591 941 1762 71
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Markets and industries
Controlled Markets Total Village related Industries Sugar Mill Small Scale Registered Industries Un Registered 10 447 01 75 111
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Coop societies
Primary Agriculture loan cooperatives Lampus Co-operative Central Banks Rural Branch Urban Branch 166 04 06 05 01
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Affordability
22
House hold Income
Particular Landless Less than 1 ha Above 1ha
Agriculture 16 38 54
Livestock 12 31 22
Wage 64 24 0
Others 8 7 24
 Total 100 100 100
 Yearly income 19365 25498 34851
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Average expenditure per person per month in Bihar
(Rs)
Urban
Total food 338.30
Non food 336.17
Total consumption expenditure 674.47
Rural
Total food 252.17
Non food 162.45
Total consumption expenditure 414.62
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Expenditure
Particular Landless Less than 1 ha Above 1ha
Food 54 41 32
Clothing 22 21 20
Education 7 8 17
Entertainment 5 9 12
Health 11 16 13
Others 1 5 6
Total 100 100 100
Total Expenditure 22435 29687 32854
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Sale of assets of food purchase
Particular Landless Less than 1 ha Above 1ha
Jewelry 8 10 1
Fodder 3 5 1
Livestock 8 7 0
Other 3 2 0
Total 22 24 2
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Utilization
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Preferred food
Particular Landless Less than 1 ha Above 1ha
Rice Coarse to medium Coarse to medium Medium to fine
Wheat Flour Flour Flour
Pulses Arhar Gram Moong Arhar Gram Moong Arhar Gram Moong
Coarse grains Maize Maize Maize
Non Veg Fish- egg -mutton -chicken Fish- egg -mutton -chicken Fish- egg -mutton -chicken
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Discrimination in food distribution
Particular Landless Less than 1 ha Above 1ha
Discrimination present 4 7 1
Person who gets preference Earning male member Earning male member Earning male member
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Fuel used for cooking
Particular Landless Less than 1 ha Above 1ha
Gas 2 8 8
firewood 30 108 12
Cow dung 16 96 16
Twigs/leaves/trash 32 16 0
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Drinking Water sources
Particular Landless Less than 1 ha Above 1ha
Open well 1 24 1
Shallow tube well 34 92 15
Deep tube well 2 5 5
Others 6 16 0
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HEALTH FACILITIES
DISTRICT HOSPITAL 01
REFERRAL HOSPITAL 02
PRIMARY HEALTH CENTRE 11
ADDITIONAL PRIMARY HEALTH CENTRE 33
HEALTH SUB CENTRE 339
GRAMIN AUSADHALAY 09
BLOOD BANK 01
AIDS CONTROL SOCIETY 01
TRAINED NURSES 401
TRAINED DOCTORS 120
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Hospital Preferred
Particular Landless Less than 1 ha Above 1ha
With in village 12 36 4
Outside village 31 101 17
RMP/local doctor 22 92 5
Govt hospital 12 28 4
Private hospital 9 17 12
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Housing facilities
Percent HH
Particular Hut Katcha Pucca
Landless 12 46 42
Less than 1 ha 4 51 45
Above 1ha 0 19 81
Total 5 47 48
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Thank you
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Sample distribution
Particular No Percentage Average farm size
Landless 43 21 0
Less than 1 ha 137 68 0.33
Above 1ha 21 10 2.6
Total 201 100 0.50
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Family particulars
Particular Male Female Earning members
Landless 4.12 3 2.44
Less than 1 ha 3.55 2.87 2.81
Above 1ha 3.7 3.77 2.5

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Occupation
Percentage
Particular Agriculture Labour Others
Landless 14 49 37
Less than 1 ha 55 23 22
Above 1ha 86 0 14
Total 50 26 24