Reasons for Decline and Current Threats

1
Reasons for Decline and Current Threats

• Schiedea adamantis

2
Fire

• Schiedea adamantis not adapted to respond after
  fires
• Locality highly susceptible to fire
• Current vegetation could cause fire to spread
  more rapidly and increase fire intensity
• Careless hikers and vandalism pose immediate
  danger
• Strong winds and nearby housing pose fire hazard
• No fire precautions in place

3
Alien Vegetation

• Koa haole dominant species in area
• Presence of koa haole increases fire danger
• Negative association between koa haole and S.
  adamantis

4
Hiking Trail

• Careless hikers pose fire danger
• Disturbance to substrate from hikers
• Trail has restricted expansion of S.adamantis
• compaction of soil
• trampling of plants

5
Lack of Native Pollinators

• Disruption of native insect fauna may have
  affected population structure of S. adamantis
• Levels of selfing have increased
• studies indicate inbreeding depression/lack of
  genetic diversity in S. adamantis
• other Scheidea species show marked inbreeding
  depression

6
Climatic Changes

• Extended drought could result in high mortality
  and extinction of S. adamantis
• seedlings vulnerable to dessication
• Prolonged winter rainstorms could negatively
  affect population size
• erosion could be severe

7
Insects Thrips

• Capable of attacking all species of Schiedea
• Spread the spotted-wilt virus
• causes leaves to curl and inflorescences to abort
  before setting seed
• may cause death of plant

8
Loss of Habitat

• S. adamantis occurs in one of the few areas of
  the crater undisturbed by construction
• Therefore assumed that disturbance and loss of
  habitat caused by construction and use of
  military facilities are limiting factors