Ch' 10 Classification and Nomenclature

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Ch. 10 Classification and Nomenclature
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Ch. 10 Classification and Nomenclature

• Classification
• place organisms into groups (taxa) based on
  similiarities and differences

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Classification

• Reasons
• easier to study in groups
• identify unknowns
• show evolutionary relationships
• basis for naming (nomenclature)

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Taxonomy

• The science of classification

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Classification for eucaryotes

• Fungi, protozoans, algae

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Classification for eucaryotes

• Fungi, protozoans, algae
• Whittaker

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Taxa for eucaryotes

• Kingdom - protista (protozoans, algae), fungi
  (yeasts and molds)
• Phylum or Division
• Class
• Order
• Family
• -Genus (Genera)
• Speciesgroup of closely related
• organisms that can interbreed

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Taxa for procaryotes

• Bacteria
• Bergeys Manual of Systematic Bacteriology (9th
  ed.)

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Taxa for procaryotes

• Kingdom Procaryotae- all bacteria
• Division (4)
• Section rather than class (33)
• Order
• Family
• -Genus
• Species group of closely related
• bacteria that cannot interbreed
• divided into strains (subgroups)

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Differences

• Eucaryotes - use class
• Procaryotes - use section
• Eucaryotes- members of a species can interbreed
• Procaryotes- members of a species cannot
  interbreed, are divided into strains

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Binomial system of nomenclature

• Scientific name genus species
• genus is capitalized and written in full the
  first time
• species is not capitalized
• both are underlined
• Ex. Escherichia coli