Deoxyribose in DNA

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Can be Adenine(A), Thymine(T), Guanine(G),
Cytosine (C)
Deoxyribose in DNA Ribose in RNA
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April 1, 2004
Comparative genomics.
Chimpanzees do not suffer from human diseases
like malaria and AIDS, even though their DNA
sequence is 98.8 percent identical to that of
humans.
March 17, 2005
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60 percent of genes are conserved between fly
and human
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Bonobos
Chimpanzee
Human
Gorilla
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Star Wars Family tree
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DNA Practical applications
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Forensic science
Wanna solve a crime??!
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The Mystery of the Missing candy
Detectives in charge 6th graders, Decatur
middle school, Watkins Glen
Suspect 1 Sharmistha Suspect 2 Anirban Suspect
3 Ms. Iandoli
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Crime scene..

• Thief broke into glass closet in classroom and
  stole the candy!
• Possible fingerprints on broken glass?
• Blood on glass!!

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Sharmistha (Arch)
Ms. Iandoli (Whorl)
Anirban (Loop)
At the crime scene..
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DNA FINGERPRINTING
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• DNA may be extracted from relatively small
  samples of cells, such as a blood stain, hair etc
• At the DNA level, individual people are about
  99.9 identical
• 1 difference can be detected by DNA
  fingerprinting

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Isolate DNA from blood stain on glass
Gel
Decreasing size
http//www.in-silico.com/DNA_fingerprinting/info.h
tml
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Isolated DNA
Colored paper strip
Scissors
Gel
Decreasing size
Table on paper
http//www.in-silico.com/DNA_fingerprinting/info.h
tml
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DNA fingerprinting

• DNA Colored paper strips
• Look for the sequence AAGCTT and cut the DNA
  sequence after the 1st A 
• Count letters in each fragment size of
  fragment
• Arrange fragments according to size longest to
  shortest
• Make a mark in the corresponding box in the gel
  (Table on paper), numbers correspond to fragment
  size
• Can you identify which suspects DNA fragments
  match with those found at the crime scene?
• How many CATs?
• Variable Number Tandem Repeats (VNTR)

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http//www.accessexcellence.org/AE/AEPC/WWC/1992/D
NA_printing.html