XFEL-Safety-Concept

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XFEL The European XRAY-Laser Project in Northern
Germany The Safety-Concept

1. What is the XFEL
2. XFEL Progress of Planning
3. Components
4. Safety Concept

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1. What is the XFEL?

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What is the XFEL?
Science with Synchrotron-Radiation Accelerator as
Super-Light-Source If particles fly around a
bend, they send out a wide spectrum of bright
light Synchrotron-Radiation

• Science at surfaces
• Science with matter
• Molecularbiology
• Medicine
• Chemistry
• Geology
• ...

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The way to X-RAY-Laser

• For over 100 Years
• X-RAYS
• Penetrate matter
• The wavelength fits to the distance of the atoms

• Since then
• Further developements of X-RAY-tubes were
  made
• Synchrotron-Radiation-Sources (at DESY since
  1964)

To see what the eye doesnt see
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What do they wish to do?

• Watching of
• Single molecules (3dimensional)
• Movings and chemical reactions
• Idea

Ultrashort super bright light flashes to watch
fast reactions at atomic layer
Combining the qualities of X-RAY-light and
laser-light in the X-RAY-Free-Electron-Laser
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The possibilities of XFEL

• atomic solution ? structure of molecules
• bright light flashes (billion times brighter
  than up to now)

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The possibilities of XFEL

• short light flashes (lt100 Femtoseconds)
• in fast flashings
• recording of chemical reactions
• You can see how
• a muscle moves or
• catalytic processes work

new applications in biology, pharmacy,science
of life
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2. XFEL Progress of Technical Planning
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Neighbour Village Schenefeld

• 02/2003 Ministry of Science decision to
  realise XFEL as European Project
• 10/2003 Decision for the site at Schenefeld

• 12/2003 Establishing of a workgroup at
  DESY for the preparation of the PA P
• 29/09/2004 The treaty between Hamburg and
  Schleswig-Holstein gets signed
• 01/01/2005 Begin of the treaty between
  Hamburg and Schleswig-Holstein

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Overview 2005/2006

• Technical Planning XFEL finished 10.12.2004
• Version zero of plan approval procedure (PAP)
  ready 15.01.2005
• Motion for plan approval procedure 15.04.2005
• Layout of documentation for the
  public 01.05.2005?
• End of Layout 15.06.2005?
• Date of discussion with authorities 01.10.2005?
• Resolution for PAP End 2005?
• Start of construction work Autum 2006?

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1. XFEL Components

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Marked-out route XFEL
2nd Part 1st Part
Osdorfer Born
Schenefeld
DESY
Beam
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Components of XFEL

• - Total length 3300 m (11.000 ft.)
• - Depth 8 to 25 m (26 to 75 ft.)
• Tunnel diameters 5.2 m and 4.5 m ( 18 ft. and
  15 ft.)
• 12 shafts for both parts
• 2 experimental halls 50 m x 90 m ( 164 ft. x
  295 ft.)

Schenefeld
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Components of XFEL
Schenefeld
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Components of XFEL
DESY
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Components of XFEL
DESY
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Site of Schenefeld
Photon- beam
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1. XFEL Safety concept

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The safety concept
The safety concept is compiled by Prof.
Dr.-Ing. Alfred Haack STUVA (Studiengesellschaft
für unterirdische Verkehrsanlagen e.V.) and the
XFEL-workgroups at DESY
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The safety concept

• Main-targets in case of emergency
• Guarantee of Personal Safety
• Guarantee of Plant Safety

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The safety concept
This has to be reached during equipment, run- and
maintenance-periods by 1. Technical
measures 1.1 Definition of fire- and
smoke-separations 1.2 Smoke extraction 1.3
General safety installation 1.4 Installations
(cables, transformers, electronics) that are
as fireproof as possible AND 2. Organizational
measures 3. Personal measures
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The safety concept

• Separate consideration of standard buildings and
  tunnels and shafts
• Standard buildings similar to building
  regulations of Hamburg and
  Schleswig-Holstein
• Technical buildings similar to Industrial
  Building Regulation
• Experimental hall, tunnels and shafts

Which regulations to use???
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The safety concept
Our problem There are no standards for our
XFEL-underground buildings. Our task
Definition of our own rules for PAP for these
buildings.
Lets focus on buildings Experimental hall,
tunnels and shafts ? special scientific
underground buildings ? no standards for
scientific underground buildings ? we proceed
similar to traffic tunnels and stations
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The safety concept

• If we compare traffic tunnels and stations with
  the XFEL, we have
• underground buildings
• a great number of people (up to several
  thousand)
• difficult and long escape routes
• At XFEL only the number of employees in possible
  hazardous areas is smaller and we only have
  instructed and trained people.
• The basic rules for traffic tunnels and stations
  can be adapted to shafts and tunnels.
• (Length of tunnels, evacuation speed, safety
  measures)

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The safety concept

• General Safety Standards for XFEL
• Shaft buildings (XSx)
• Underground building up (or better down) to 7
  floors
• Solid fire- and smoke-separation between tunnel
  and shaft
• Smoke detecting system for each building with
  pushbuttons and evacuation alarm
• Escape routes safety stair case, ladders in
  media shafts and tunnels
• Safety stair cases with overpressure ventilation
• Safety elevator for use of fire brigade
• Access control system with personal tag
• Escape routes lt 35 m to next safe area

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The safety concept
General Safety Standards for XFEL
Injector shaft XSIN
Entry shaft XSE
Injector tunnel XTIN
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The safety concept
General Safety Standards for XFEL
1st Junction shaft XS1
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Standort Osdorfer Born Strahlverzweigung
tunnel at the junction shaft near Osdorfer Born
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The safety concept
General Safety Standards for XFEL LINAC Tunnel
(XTL)
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The safety concept

• General Safety Standards for XFEL
• LINAC Tunnel (XTL)
• Solid fire- and smoke-separation between tunnel
  and shaft
• Fire- and smoke-separation inside tunnel each
  600 - 700 m long escape routes!
• 2 escape routes both directions of tunnel
• Smoke detecting system
• with push buttons and evacuation alarm
• Smoke extraction channel
• Access control system with personal tag
• Oxygen self rescuer for minimum 30 minutes

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The safety concept

• General Safety Standards for XFEL
• LINAC Tunnel (XTL)

• Separation in the tunnel (600 700 m)
• Separation wall with three water mist curtains
  to wash out possible smoke in case of a fire
• No solid door inside the tunnel to ease
  transports and work

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The safety concept

• General Safety Standards for XFEL
• LINAC Tunnel (XTL)
• following definition was made
• Self rescue time (700 m gt 1.5 m/s gt max. 8
  minutes to reach next safe area)
• Rescue by emergency service or fire brigade
  from 8 minutes on
• 1.5 m/s walking speed
• (only instructed and little number of employees,
  compared with passengers in stations, no
  handicapped persons)

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The safety concept

• General Safety Standards for XFEL
• LINAC Tunnel (XTL)

Where is the biggest fire risk for the first 8
min? ??

• Smoke extraction through extraction channel
• with flaps each 50 m

Cables ? Electronic racks ? Klystrons
? Oil-transformer ?
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The safety concept

• General Safety Standards for XFEL
• LINAC Tunnel (XTL)
• Fire protection of installations
• Cables are not readily combustible (FRNC)
• Electronic racks are provided with a gas
  extinguishing system
• Oil-transformers are provided with a water mist
  extinguishing system

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The safety concept

• General Safety Standards for XFEL
• LINAC Tunnel (XTL)
• A computer fire simulation was made at STUVA and
  showed that the decision with max. 700 m
  separation and 8 minutes self rescue time is
  acceptable.
• After the end of the self rescue time the smoke
  reaches the separations and sinks down.

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The safety concept

• General Safety Standards for XFEL
• Photon Tunnel (XTDs)

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The safety concept

• General Safety Standards for XFEL
• Photon Tunnel (XTDs)
• Solid fire- and smoke-separation between tunnels
  and shafts
• No fire- and smoke-separation inside tunnel,
  max. 600 m long escape routes!
• 2 escape routes both directions of tunnel
• Smoke detecting system
• with push buttons and evacuation alarm
• Smoke extraction through whole tunnel diameter!
• Oxigen self rescuer for minimum 30 minutes
• Access control system with personal tag

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The safety concept
General Safety Standards for XFEL Experimental
Hall (XHEXPx)

• Solid fire- and smoke-separation between tunnel
  and hall
• Smoke detecting system in the hall with
  pushbuttons and evacuation alarm
• 7 escape routes 2 safety stair cases, 5 into
  tunnels
• Safety stair cases with overpressure ventilation
• Safety elevator for the use of fire brigade
• Access control system with personal tag
• Escape routes lt 35 m
• Smoke extraction

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The safety concept

• General Safety Standards for XFEL
• Experimental Hall (XHEXPx)
• Offices, labs, auditorium

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The safety concept

• General Safety Standards for XFEL
• Experimental Hall (XHEXPx)

Photon tunnel
12.5 m ( 40 ft.)
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The safety concept

• General Safety Standards for XFEL
• Experimental Hall (XHEXPx) 50 m x 90 m ( 164
  ft. x 295 ft.)

Experimental huts
Photon tunnels
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