isms

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isms

• Art History

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Realism

• Mid to late 19th century
• The artist should represent the world as it is,
  even if this meant breaking artistic and social
  conventions
• Broke standards of good taste. Some considered
  immoral
• Gustave Courbet
• Edouard Manet

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• Gustave Courbet, The Artists Studio, 1855

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Impressionism

• Originated in France btw. 1860 1900
• Rejected academic traditions of representing the
  world
• Explored how paint could capture their sensory
  impressions
• Above all, light, color and movement.
• Claude Monet, Auguste Renoir

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Claude Monet, Rouen Cathedral, 1893
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Post-Impressionism

• Broad term used to cover much art produced
  between the 1880s and the early 20th century
• Gauguin, Cezanne, and Van Gogh
• No common artistic goal
• Rejected the most bourgeois standards of taste
• Focus on design and structure and a refusal to
  imitate nature or moralize through narrative
  subjects
• Symbolic and emotional meaning

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• Vincent Van Gogh, Mountains at Saint-Remy, 1889

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Fauvism

• Fauve Wild Beasts
• 1898 1908
• Fauve artists were Henri Matisse, Andre Derain,
  and Maurice de Vlaminck
• Use of intense colors, thick, heavy brushstrokes,
  and simplified, vivid shapes
• No blending or mixing
• Unconstrained by realistic color

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• Andre Derain, Bridge over the Riou, 1906

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Cubism

• Began with an exhibition in 1911
• Pioneered by Picasso and Braque
• Made use of shifting viewpoints
• Picasso, Bowl of Fruit, 1914

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Modernism

• Broad movement encompassing all the avant-garde
  isms of the first half of the 20th century
• All rejected the dominance of Naturalism and
  Academicism in favour of experimental art
• A common feeling that the modern world was
  fundamentally different from what had passed
  before
• Began to question what art is

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• Piet Mondrian, Composition No. 1, 1930

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Social Realism

• Term used to describe art which is a realist in
  style and in which there is usually explicit
  reference to prevailing social conditions
• Achieved most in film and photography
• Nan Goldin, Jack Smith

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• Nan Goldin, Nan One Month After Being Battered,
  1984

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Abstract Expressionism

• Developed in NYC after WW2
• AKA the New York School or Action Painting
• Characterized by an attempt to depict universal
  emotions
• Concentrated on the physical process of painting

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• Mark Rothko, Violet, Black, Orange, Yellow on
  White and Red, 1949