Poverty%20and%20Inequality%2024.9.%202007

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Poverty and Inequality 24.9. 2007

• Lauri Siitonen
• Institute of Development Studies, University of
  Helsinki

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• 1. Defining poverty and inequality
• 2. Global inequality
• 3. The challenge of absolute poverty
• 4. What can be done?

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Nambia, Windhoek
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1. Poverty as a moral and political challenge

• Relative
• Absolute
• Chronic

• Equality
• Justice
• Fairness

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2. On wealth and poverty of nations

• How did the global differences in wealth grow up?
  
• Large, small, wealthy an poor economies
• Industrial (OECD) countries and the Least
  Developed Countries (LDC)
• Developmental states and failed states
• Failed and broken states

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Inequality within and between countries

• 1820 1930 1990

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• Large, small, wealthy and poor economies
• Industrial (OECD) countries vs. the Least
  Developed Countries (LDC)
• Developmental states and failed states
• Failed and broken states

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3. The challenge of absolute poverty

• The Millennium Development Goals
• 2000 1 milliard (out of 6 milliard people) -19
• 2015 0,7 milliard (out of 7,2 milliard people)
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Geography of absolute poverty, in 2000
Population (milj.) Poor people (milj.) of the regional population
Africa 630 420 66
Latin America 520 40 8
East Europe 410 10 2
East Asia 1 880 480 20
South Asia 1 430 330 23
OECD countries 1 130 0 0
Together 6000 983 -
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Human Development Index

• United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) 1990-
• Human Development Report
• Long and healthy life life expectancy
• Knowledge of adult literacy
• Standard of living national income per capita

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4. Marginalization and chronic poverty

• Economic growth income distribution
• The dynamics of poverty pauvre indigent
• Complexity of poverty health, education, income,
  the right to participate

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War against poverty or war against the poor?