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Pilot study on the adoption of the Pollution
Reduction Programme the industrial case studies

• Aims
• Selection criteria
• Participants

Dr. Bruno Pennelli Dr. Marina Foschia
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TRIBOMETAL 1.Environmental concern

• Substance lead (Pb)
• River flow rate 6.88 m3s-1
• Discharge flow rate 0.0556 m3s-1
• Pb concentration allowed in the outlet 0.5 mgl-1
• Pb in the outlet found up to 10 fold higher
• July 2004 monitoring revealed Pb concentration in
  Orava to increase from 0.0024 mg l-1 to 0.021 mg
  l-1

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TRIBOMETAL 2. Technological processes
responsible for release of Pb

• Electroplating (electrolytes and reagents)
• Teflon-lead powder mixture
• Possible formation of Pb-compounds that reduce
  the Neutralisation efficiency

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TRIBOMETAL 3. Feasible technical improvements

• Since all existing technologies are compliant
  with IPPC, improvements could address
• A more accurate internal chemical monitoring of
  process waters and wastewaters
• The set up of an ion-exchange column
• Change of reagents, internal procedures
• Acidification of waste waters

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SLOVNAFT 1.Environmental concern

• Maly Dunaj - 2 emission points of cooling waters
• River flow rate 8.25 m3s-1
• Discharge flow rate 2.3148 m3s-1
• Dunaj - 1 emission point of process waters
• River flow rate 838 m3s-1
• Discharge flow rate 0.4756 m3s-1

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SLOVNAFT 1.Environmental concern

• Substances
• AOX (indicators of specific dangerous substances
  as Cl-derivates)
• NEL (indicators of Aromatic-like specific
  dangerous substances)

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SLOVNAFT 2. Technological processes responsible
for emissions

• AOX
• By-products of the
• Reforming process catalysation (Al Cl3)
• Ethylbenzene plant
• Chlorination of cooling waters

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SLOVNAFT 2. Technological processes responsible
for emissions

• NEL in cooling waters
• Spillages into the cooling pipeline system
• Hydrocarbon background in water table
• Insufficient removal of dissolved hydrocarbons
• NEL in process waters
• no specific point release assessed

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SLOVNAFT 3. Feasible technical improvements

1. Monitoring of groundwater dynamics
2. Monitoring of waste water chlorination treatment
   for AOX compounds
3. Monitoring of the external wastewaters by means
   of an inspection protocol for dangerous
   substances (namely formaldehyde)

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TESLA 1.Environmental concern

• Substance nickel
• Environmental Quality Standard 0.6 µg l-1
• River flow rate at the discharge 0.216 m3 s-1
• Discharge flow rate 0.0022 m3 s-1
• Ni concentration at discharge likely to be
  reduced 10 fold following the application of PRP

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TESLA 2. Technological processes responsible for
release of dangerous substance

• Nickel plating line

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TESLA 3. Feasible technical improvements

• Renewal of the neutralisation plant
• Set up of an ion exchange column in the case of
  excess of Ni discharge

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TESLA Comments

• Primary needs of Tesla according to the Twinning
  group
• Set up of health and safety devices
• Renewal of electroplating line, trichloroethylene
  rinsing device and neutralization station