Gnero, nmero y artculos - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Gnero, nmero y artculos

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In Spanish, all nouns carry gender, either masculine (M) or feminine (F) ... hombre (man) -r. d lar -n. pelot n (crowd) -l. espa ol -ma. programa -ta. poeta -pa. mapa ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Gnero, nmero y artculos


1
Género, número y artículos
  • Gender, number articles

2
I. Género
  • In Spanish, all nouns carry gender, either
    masculine (M) or feminine (F).
  • In order to tell whether a noun is M or F look at
    the ending for a clue.
  • Except for some irregular exceptions, the ending
    will automatically distinguish the noun as M or
    F.

3
Masculino
  • Words that end in following letters or letter
    groups are generally masculino (M).
  • Be careful, I think many words do not follow
    this rule!

4
Femenina
  • Words that end in following letters or letter
    groups are generally femenina (F).
  • Be careful, remember -pa, -ta -ma!

5
  • Remember, these are general guidelines.
    There are some exceptions that do not follow
    these patterns.

6
Ejemplos
  • Are the following M or F?
  • universidad
  • F
  • biblioteca
  • F
  • colegio
  • M
  • programa
  • M

7
II. Número
  • Number refers to whether a noun is singular or
    plural.
  • You make a noun plural by adding an s or es to
    the end of the noun.
  • In some cases, other orthographic changes may be
    necessary.

8
To make nouns plural, do the following
  • if the word ends in a vowel, simply add
  • -s to make it plural
  • Ex alumno ? alumnos

9
To make nouns plural, do the following
  • B. if the word ends in a consonant, add -es
  • Ex universidad ? universidades

10
To make nouns plural, do the following
  • C. if the word ends in z, the plural changes
    to -ces
  • Ex lápiz ? lápices

11
To make nouns plural, do the following
  • D. if the word ends in ión, add -es and
    remove the written accent mark
  • Ex nación ? naciones

12
Examples
  • colegio
  • colegios
  • papel
  • papeles
  • actriz
  • actrices
  • reunión
  • reuniones

13
III. Artículos
  • There are 2 types of articles in Spanish
    English
  • Definite articles
  • Indefinite articles

14
Artículos definidos
  • What is the function of a definite article?
  • A definite article refers to something specific
  • What is a definite article in English?
  • the

15
Ejemplo
  • Ex the specific boy rather than any boy.
  • The boy with the red shirt on
  • v.
  • A boy with a red shirt (any boy in general)

16
Artículos definidos
  • What are they in Spanish? concordancia

17
Artículos indefinidos
  • What is the function of an indefinite article?
  • An indefinite article refers to something in
    general
  • What is an indefinite article in English?
  • a, an, some

18
Ejemplo
  • Ex any boy rather than a specific boy.
  • A boy with a red shirt (any boy in general)
  • v.
  • The (specific) boy with the red shirt on

19
Artículos indefinidos
  • What are they in Spanish? concordancia

20
Concordancia
  • concordancia agreement
  • The article that accompanies the noun must
    agree in gender AND number with that noun.

21
Ejemplos
  • Artículos definidos
  • libro
  • el
  • muchachas
  • las
  • nación
  • la
  • Artículos indefinidos
  • libro
  • un
  • muchachas
  • unas
  • nación
  • una

22
Adjetivos
  • Like articles, adjectives have to agree in gender
    AND number with the noun they describe

23
Ejemplos
24
Número
  • Adjectives follow the same rules as nouns when
    making them plural
  • if the word ends in a vowel, simply add -s to
    make it plural
  • if the word ends in a consonant, add -es
  • if the word ends in z, the plural changes to
    -ces
  • if the word ends in ión, add -es and remove
    the written accent mark

25
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