Enhancing Local Development Planning as Instrument of Sustainable Development and Good Urban Governa

1
Enhancing Local Development Planning as
Instrument of Sustainable Development and Good
Urban Governance

• Atty. Francisco L. Dagnalan, En.P, M.D.M.
• Commissioner, HLURB
• National President, PIEP
• Vice-Chair, Intl. Movement of
• Development Managers (IMDM)

2
Planning as Tool for SD

• Environmental Planning- a.k.a. Town and Country
  Planning (UK), Urban and Regional Planning (US) ,
  Human Settlements Planning
• refers to activities connected with the
  management and development of land, as well as
  the preservation, conservation and management of
  the human environment
• Presidential Decree No. 1308, series of 1978
• Objective is to liberate communities from urban
  blight and congestion and promote ecological
  balance ( PD 933, series of 1976)

3
Steps in Plan Formulation

• Identification of Key Issues and Assumptions
• Data Collection and Inventory
• Socio-Economic Profile
• Physical Profile ( includes mapping of existing
  uses)
• Situational Analysis
• This includes consultations with experts and
  public
• Includes SWOT analysis
• Goal and Objective Setting
• General and Sectoral Goals, Objectives and
  Targets
• Generation of Options and Alternative Spatial
  Strategies
• Cross Sectoral Integration
• Evaluation and Selection of Preferred Strategy
• This will involve a consultation workshop

4
Steps in Plan Formulation

• Detailing and Refinement of Preferred Strategy
• Formulation of Plan Implementation Tools
  Institutional and Administrative Machinery,
  Zoning Ordinances, Local Investment Development
  Program, Tax and Revenue Generation Measures
• Technical Plan Review by Inter-agency body
• Plan Legitimation and Adoption
• Public Exhibition of Plan
• Public Hearing
• Adoption by Sanggunian (Legislative Council)
• Review and Approval by Reviewing Bodies (HLURB,
  Province)
• Plan Implementation , Monitoring and Feedback

5
Evolution of Philippine Planning

• PIEP established as association of UP graduates
  and practitioners of environmental planning
  (1969)
• Town Planning institutionalized by government
  thru DAP-TFHS Human Settlements Commission (
  1973 1986)
• Planning coordination function of HSC
  deprioritized due to anti-Ministry of Human
  Settlements mindset of the revolutionary
  administration (1986-87 )
• Rise of sustainable development movements
  (1987-92)
• HLURB planning guidelines revised in light of the
  Local Government Code (1992) and National
  Urban Development and Housing Framework , per RA
  7279 (Urban Development and Housing Act ) (
  1992- 93)

6
Evolution of Philippine Planning

• HLURB guidelines again revised in light of RA
  7586 (Protected Areas Law , 1995) and RA 8435 (
  Agriculture Fisheries Law, 1998)
• DENR launched the Integrated Environmental
  Management and Sustainable Development (IEMSD)
  Program (1997)
• Guidelines on Sustainable Land Use Planning
• Coastal Zone Management Guidelines
• HLURB adopted Guidelines for Application of the
  Strategic Planning Process to the Formulation of
  CLUPs and to Important Urban Area Planning Issues
  and Concerns (February 2002)

7
Strategic
Planning
Process
8
State of Local Development Planning

• Out of 79 provinces, 56 have duly approved
  Provincial Physical Framework Plans (mostly
  assisted by AUSAID Tech Ass to Prov. Plng)in
  three provinces, all cities and towns have plans
• Out of 1,610 cities and municipalities, 1,318
  have prepared a Town Plan Zoning Ordinance but
  only 597 have been updated ( not older than five
  years)
• The DILG Secretary has issued final deadline for
  LGUs to complete plans with threat of sanctions
• Some highly urbanized and urbanizing cities have
  prepared innovative and sustainable CLUPs and
  Zoning Ordinances

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Problems with Existing Local Development Plans

• Urban focused land use plans Many CLUPs do not
  have detailed local land use policies for ,
  production , protection and coastal zones
• Tendency of LGUs to overestimate projected
  requirements in reclassifying agricultural lands
• Many land use plans not linked with economic
  levers or drivers such as taxation and investment
  incentives,and livelihood / poverty alleviation
  strategies
• LGUs with good action plans, including CDS cities
  have not prepared or have outdated conceptual
  or comprehensive development plans
• Some LGUs have recycled plans to meet
  requirements of two or more donor programs

10
LGUs with Sustainable and Innovative Development
Plans

• Naga City exemplary participatory processes,
  submitted CLUP to citizens referendum , invested
  in new CBD to influence pattern of growth ,
  designated urban transition zones, prohibited
  agricultural conversion
• Marikina City clear vision and model of
  commercial development and discipline
  (Singapore), good program for resettlement of
  river squatters and revitalization of river,
  policy against residential expansion and
  admission of new relocatees, investment
  incentives
• Makati City good participatory processes,
  flexible zoning and density controls, used urban
  forms to shape cityscape and prescribe projected
  maximum desired development threshold , provided
  for connected linear green park system, good
  proposed pedestrian friendly circulation system

11
LGUs with Sustainable and Innovative Development
Plans

• Gen. Santos City clear vision of becoming fish
  and export processing center , has detailed
  zoning of rural barangays, uses innovative matrix
  of permitted, prohibited and consent on merit
  uses,
• Butuan City designated policy based PLANNED
  UNIT DEVELOPMENT DISTRICTS with unique roles /
  functions and land use policies uptown, midtown
  and downtown good coastal and water resources
  management plan good environmental management
  program
• Iloilo City first and only city to secure DAR
  and DENR indorsement of their CLUP private
  sector led planning task force good
  participatory processes clear grasp of
  metropolitan role of city used GIS technologies

12
LGUs with Sustainable and Innovative Development
Plans

• Ormoc City Good economic development and
  environmental management strategies focus on
  infrastructure development
• Pasay City Policy Based Zoning, good
  participatory processes , designated planned unit
  development areas with special roles old
  reclamation area, villamor air base and new
  reclamation areas created zoning implementation
  committees, good urban renewal plan
• Vigan City master plan approach, good
  consultative and participatory processes,
  designated heritage village, incorporates some
  urban design guidelines, uses incentives to
  influcence development

13
Enhancing the Planning System

• General Findings
• There is still a need for continuing orientation
  and advocacy to local politicians on the value,
  benefits importance and urgency of town planning
  a.k.a. comprehensive land use planning
• There is also need to upgrade the planning skills
  of national government planning assistance
  agencies
• Mere threat of imposition of sanctions against
  non-complying local governments will not cause or
  ensure more faithful compliance with existing
  laws local governments should be able to see
  positive benefits of development planning
• Most good plans were prepared by or with support
  of licensed environmental planners

14
Enhancing the Planning System

• Lessons and Conclusions in the light of the
  Asian Regional Conference on Urban
  Revitalization and Governance
• Need for Strategic Environmental Assessment and
  Total Ecosystems Approach in Urban Planning ,
  Management and Revitalization (Piracha)
• Traditional Exclusionary Zoning inadequate for
  Urban Growth Management Need for Flexible
  Zoning and Doable Action Plans and Implementable
  Projects rather than mere policy statements (
  Iwata)
• Need for National Urban Policy and Development
  Strategy to set directions for projects
  (Takahashi)

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Enhancing the Planning System

• Lessons and Conclusions in the light of the
  Asian Regional Conference on Urban
  Revitalization and Governance
• Value of Community Involvement , Participatory
  Processes, Networks and Partnerships in Urban
  Planning, Management and Revitalization ( Herzog)
• Heritage Resources can be effectively reused to
  pursue social and economic development (cases of
  Vigan, Cebu, Manila)

16
Enhancing the Planning System

• Lessons in the light of the CDS Program
• CDS and HLURB strategic planning approach are
  complementary
• CDS approach can be used to refine and upgrade
  the Local Investment Development Program,
  particularly in the prioritization of projects
  and resource generation strategies
• there is a need to enhance locational targetting
  and spatial strategies for CDS supported programs
  and projects ( where and when such projects will
  be allowed in a given locality)
• Existence or availability of prospective funds
  for projects is good incentive for accelerating
  plan preparation

17
Enhancing the Planning System

• Recommendations
• The existing National Housing and Urban
  Development Framework should be updated to
  institutionalize the norms and principles of
  good urban governance and enhances central
  government support for local planning efforts
• Immediate steps should be taken to enhance /
  refine the content of town plans so as to
  effectively incorporate protected area, SAFDZ and
  coastal zone and heritage planning

18
Enhancing the Planning System

• Recommendations
• The possibility of integrating the strategic
  environmental assessment approach in local
  planning should be immediately and seriously
  considered
• Capacity and capability programs of local
  government units to undertake sustainable land
  use planning, urban planning and management and
  urban revitalizations should be intensified and
  fast-tracked
• Local planning offices should be professionalized
  and staffed by competent environmental planners

19
Enhancing the Planning System

• Recommendations
• Appropriate recognition and awards system for
  local government units who submit plans ahead of
  schedule should be should be established and
  encouraged and
• There should be submitted to Congress a newer,
  simpler and more updated substitute version of
  the proposed National Land Use Act that will
  effectively rationalize and streamline agency
  responsibilities and facilitate resolution /
  adjudication of land use disputes