Role of Inland Water Transport in Asia

1
Role of Inland Water Transport in Asia

• Report of the 1st Asia-Pacific Water Summit Open
  Event in Beppu on 3 December 2007
• Prof. Tatsuhiko IKEDA
• Yokohama National University, Japan

2
Background for the use of Inland Water Transport
(IWT)

• IWT is a mode with low cost, energy efficient,
  and environment-friendly.
• At the Water and Regional Development Sessions of
  the 3rd and 4th World Water Forum held in Kyoto
  (2003) and Mexico City (2006), it was recommended
  that IWT be further promoted and utilized to
  realize regional development.

3
The 1st Asia-Pacific Water Summit Open Event

• Symposium on Waterborne Transportation and
  Regional Development was held in Beppu on 3
  December 2007 as an Open Event of Asia-Pacific
  Water Summit.
• Senior administrative officials concerned and
  researchers in Japan, China, Korea, Vietnam and
  Cambodia made presentation on the use of IWT in
  their country.
• Various issues and challenges were discussed for
  further promoting IWT in the region.

Theme Waterborne Transportation and Regional
Development
Panelists (Alphabetical Order)
Mr. Mikio ISIWATARI Mr. Kazuo ITOU Dr. LEE
Sung-Woo Dr. Katry PHUNG Dr. TRAN Dac Suu Mr.
Yifei ZHAO
Senior Adviser, Japan International Cooperation
Agency (JICA)
Chief Executive, Seaport and Airport Bureau, City
of Kitakyushu
Research Fellow, Port Research Department,
Korea Maritime Institute (KMI)
Director, Waterways Department, Ministry of
Public Works and Transport (MPWT), Cambodia
Director-General, Vietnam Inland Waterways
Administration (VIWA)
Associate Professor, Shanghai Jiao Tong
University, China
Photo OITA GODOSHIMBUN, All Japan
Regional Newspaper Federation
Coordinator
Prof. Tatsuhiko IKEDA, Yokohama National
University, Japan
4
Dr. Phung Katry Director, Waterways Department,
Ministry of Public Works and Transport (MPWT),
Cambodia
Support People's Lives
About 3.9 million people (one-third of the
national population) live beside the Mekong River
in Cambodia. They depend on IWT.
The Mekong River
5
Vessel seize restriction on Mekong River
Domestic cargo/passenger route
-International route Ocean going vessels with
5,000 DWT can access with the depth of waterway
of 5 meters -Domestic navigation route vessels
with 500 DWT in wet season and 70 DWT in dry
season (the depth of waterway is 2 -2.5 m in dry
season.
International Cargo/Passenger route
6
Inter-provincial Cargo movement by Waterway
The volume of waterway long distant transport
between Phnom Penh Port and Provincial towns has
decreased since 2003 due to the improvement of
road network and insufficient loading facilities
in each port. However, internal cargo transport
within province still remain as an important
transport mode in the region.
7
Waterways transport and international trade
The volume of container cargo handled in
Phnom Penh Port has been increasing since 2002,
when a container line service between Phnom Penh
Port and Ho Chi Minh City was put in operation.
8
Dr. TRAN Dac Suu Director-General, Vietnam
Inland Waterways Administration (VIWA)
Support People's Lives
IWT is utilized fully for both passenger and
cargo transportation in Vietnam. The
superannuation of the port facilities becomes a
problem because the investment in the improvement
of the port facilities is not enough.
The system of the South
The system of the North
9
VIETNAM INLAND WATERWAY ADMINISTRATION
Vessel management
In the period of 1993 - 2005 the number of river
vessels increased dramatically.
10
IW Transport capacity
Inland waterway transport capacity is very high
and has increased rapidly consistetly.
11
Dr. LEE Sung-Woo Research Fellow, Port Research
Department, Korea Maritime Institute (KMI)
Support The Development of The Region
Short shipping routes between Japan, Korea and
China are fully utilized for their trade. They
are important to stimulate the economy of the
hinterland of their ports.
Korea
China
Japan
12
Present Situation of Korea/China/Japan Short
Shipping Routes
? Deepening Intra-trade in Northeast Asia
Unit Thousand TEU
Unit 10million
Source Korea International Trade Association,
2006
13
Mr. Yifei ZHAO Associate Professor, Shanghai
Jiao Tong University, China
Support the Development of the Region
The Chang Jiang River is 5,800km in its length.
IWT along the river has been extensively
developed and utilized. The Government endeavors
maintenance works of the waterways and the vessel
standardization in the Chang Jiang River to
facilitate economic development of the areas
along its river system. It is necessary to
enlarge the ship size and the port facilities to
economically use IWT for the future of the
region.
The Chang Jiang River
14
The region covered by the Chang Jiang River
15

• Freight Volume Throughput of Chang Jiang River
• from 2001 to 2006

16

• Scale of China River Freight in 2006

17
Mr. Mikio ISIWATARI Senior Adviser, Japan
International Cooperation Agency (JICA)
Connect People and the Region
IWT is utilized for tourism and for transport of
emergency materials in case of disasters.
Source Cabinet Office, Government of Japan
River Bureau, MLIT
Route of emergency relief goods transportation
Tokyo Earthquake Estimation of Damages Number of
destruction of building 850,000 Death toll
11,000
Emergency Relief delivered by IWT Source Kobe
Port Promotion Association
18
Land Transportation damaged by Earthquake Source
Hanshin Expressway Management
Technology Center
19
Yakatabune (Houseboat) in Mikuma River (in
Hita City, Oita Prefecture)
Source Hita city
20
Use form of river navigation in main river
(Research
in 2008)
120
95
100
80
70
60
60
34
40
20
10
0
Distribution
Water Bus
Excursion Ship
Leisure Boat
Other
Source Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and
Transport Japan (MLIT)
21
Coastal Shipping of JAPAN
Coastal shipping is used to
facilitate the environment-friendly
distribution system in Japan.
Coastl Ferry Routes in JAPAN
22
Mr. Kazuo ITOU Chief Executive, Seaport and
Airport Bureau, City of Kitakyushu
Contribution to Recycling-Based Society
IWT as well as coastal shipping are utilized to
transport waste materials and recycled materials
among industrialized areas in Japan. This is a
new concept of utilizing IWT and coastal
shipping.
Waste which is generated in the region flows in
the region.
Waste is recycled in the large area, entire
Japan.
LESS WASTE!
Waste
Recycle
Production
Consumption
Waste
Waste
23
Overcoming Environmental Problems
Severe industrial pollution in the 1960s
Government, industry, academia, and the people
cooperate to overcome pollution problems
Smoke filled skies ?1960?
Blue skies have returned ?Now?
Polluted Dokai Bay ?1960?
Beauty returned to Dokai Bay ?Now?
22
24
Conclusion

• The participants of this symposium recognize as
  follows.
• Thanks to the blessing function of water, IWT
  have been promoting regional development with
  relatively less energy consumption and with
  environmentally friendly manner. Further and
  safer operations of IWT should be sought out.
• In developing IWT systems, specific safeguards
  are required, such as standardization of vessels,
  maintenance dredging and provision of navigation
  aids, in order to utilize existing
  infrastructure.
• IWT has comparative advantages to transport waste
  materials for processing and recycling, tourists
  and emergency materials during disaster.
• Experiences of each regional IWT should be shared
  to each other to improve IWT operations in each
  region. Further collaboration in Asia and Pacific
  Region should be sought.