Blood 1

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Blood (1) elements
Formed elements erythrocytes ( 5 x
106/ml) leukocytes ( 5000/ml) hematocrit pl
atelets Plasma 90 H2O 8 proteins albumin
60 globulins 36 a, ß transport ?
antibodies clotting proteins 4

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Blood (2) Formed elements
Erythrocytes (RBC) anucleate biconcave
disc spectrin- structural protein hemoglobin
(250 x 106/erythrocyte) globin a chains (x
2) ß chains (x 2) Heme group (x 4) 109
O2 molecules/erythrocyte O2
oxyhemoglobin - O2 deoxyhemoglobin CO2
carbaminohemoglobin
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Blood (3) Hematopoiesis
iron stored as ferritin (iron
protein) hemosiderin (iron protein) escorte
d by transferrin
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Blood (4)
After 4 months erythrocyte phagocytized
amino acids
hemoglobin
heme
bilirubin
liver
iron
intestines
urobilinogin
Stercobilin (Makes feces brown)
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Blood (5) Disorders
Anemias ? RBCs hemolytic aplastic hemorrh
agic ? hemoglobin iron deficiency ?
microcytes pernicious (? B12) ?
macrocytes abnormal hemoglobin thalassemias
globin chain loss sickle cell linked ß
chains
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Stomach
binds w/
Intrinsic factor
Absorbed in ileum
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Blood (6) leukocytes
Granulocytes Neutrophils (40-70) granules
peroxidases, defensins polymorphonuclear Basoph
iles (0.5) granules histamines S-shaped
nucleus in connective tissue mast
cells Eosinophils (1-4) granules major basic
protein bi-lobed nucleus
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Blood (7) leukocytes
Agranulocytes Lymphocytes- differentiated at
stem cell level T-cells B-cells Monocytes
- macrophages
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megakaryoblast
mitosis
cytokinesis
megakaryocyte
platelets
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Blood (8) Leukocyte disorders
Leukemia myelocytic myeloblasts lymphocytic
lymphocytes Lymphomas Hodgkins
disease non-Hodgkins lymphoma
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Blood (9) groups
RBC antigens agglutinogen Elicit a response
from the immune system Antibodies
agglutins Response from the immune system Blood
group RBC antigens antibodies AB A B -
O - Anti-A, Anti-B A A
Anti-B Rh factor Rh antigens
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Rh-
Rh
1
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Rh-
Rh
1
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Rh-
Rh antibodies
Rh
1
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Rh-
Rh antibodies
Rh
1
RhoGam
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Rh-
Rh antibodies
Rh
2
Erythroblastosis fetalis
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Learning tool

• Pnemonic for WBC quantities
• Never Neutrophil Most
• Let Lymphocyte
• Monkeys Monocyte
• Eat Eosinophil
• Bananas Basophil Least
• If you have to guess, Neutrophil is a good guess
  (55-65 of WBC population)