Plate Tectonics Mapping

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Plate Tectonics Mapping

• By Alex Procton

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Earthquakes January 2005-March 2007
One earthquake (Jan. 2005 Mar. 2007)
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Why are the quakes where they are?

• Most earthquakes are located along plate
  boundaries, where two tectonic plates meet
• If you draw lines connecting most of the
  earthquakes you get a map of the plate
  boundaries, like this

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Tectonic Plates of the World
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1
10
12
6
13
11
9
6
3
2
8
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Legend 1 North American Plate 2 South
American Plate 3 African Plate 4 Eurasian
Plate 5 Indo-Australian Plate 6 Pacific
Plate 7 Antarctic Plate 8 Nazca Plate 9
Cocos Plate 10 Caribbean Plate 11 Philippine
Plate 12 Juan de Fuca Plate 13 Arabian
Plate 14 Scotia Plate
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7
14
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Earthquake Measurement

• Magnitude is the measure of an earthquakes
  energy output at the epicenter
• Intensity is the measure of the effects felt at a
  certain location

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The Richter Scale
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Earthquake Risk for Indonesia
China
Taiwan
India
The Philippines
Malaysia
Sri Lanka
Indonesia
Papua New Guinea
Cities by Population
Earthquakes of Magnitude Greater than 5
Countries by Population
Australia
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Why is Indonesia at risk?

• Indonesia is at the boundary of four tectonic
  plates
• The Indo-Australian Plate
• The Pacific Plate
• The Philippine Plate
• The Eurasian Plate

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Earthquake Risk for Indonesia
Philippine Plate
Eurasian Plate
Pacific Plate
Cities by Population
Indo-Australian Plate
Earthquakes of Magnitude Greater than 5
Countries by Population
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Plate Boundaries

• There are three types of plate boundaries
• Transform faults, where plates grind past each
  other
• Divergent boundaries, where plates move apart
• Convergent boundaries, where plates move together

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Convergent Boundaries

• At convergent boundaries, one finds subduction
  zones
• Subduction occurs where one plate moves beneath
  another
• The deeper the plate moves, the deeper the
  earthquakes

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Tectonic Action in the Andes
South American Plate
Nazca Plate
Legend
Earthquakes Jan 2005 Mar 2007 By Depth (km)
Whats going on in the Andes? The Nazca Plate
in the west is subducting under the South
American Plate in the east, creating the
Peru-Chile Trench and the volcanic Andes
Mountains. As the Nazca Plate subducts further,
the earthquakes it generates occur deeper and
further to the east.
Convergent Plate Boundary
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FIN
Note Somewhere, a minor earthquake occurred
during the making of this presentation.