Swine Nutrition 4H Youth Expo 2002

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Swine Nutrition4-H Youth Expo 2002

• Ted Wiseman

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Swine Industry
Consumer
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From Farm to Fork ------- Consumers are more
demanding than ever before.
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Livestock Industry Under Fire

• Foot and Mouth disease.
• Potential health threat to humans?
• Consumer advocate groups pressuring regulatory
  agencies to reconsider safety issues.
• Will antibiotics be further restricted?
• Or will they be banned as was implemented in
  Sweden, Denmark, and recently in the EU with the
  banning of bacitracin, tylosin, spiromycin, and
  virginiamycin?

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Major Question Relative to Safety
of Antibiotics

• Does the use of antibiotics in animal feeds
  contribute to a reservoir of drug-resistant
  enteric bacteria that are capable of transferring
  their resistance to pathogenic bacteria
  (salmonella, campylobacter, etc.), thereby
  causing a potential public health risk?

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Antibiotics Produced and Sold in the USA in
198813 Million Kg Produced U.S. International
Trade Commission Reports
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Antibiotics Used for Animals and in Human
Medicine in 200023 Million Kg AnnuallyCDC and
Animal Health Institute (2000)
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Nutrient Requirements
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Physical Environment
Health
Sex
Feed Intake
Nutrient Requirements
Genotype
Feed Quality And Composition
Social Environment
Management
Water
Facility
Life Cycle Stage
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Hog Slaughter Live Weights
Weight, lb
Year
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Changes in Muscling, Back Fat, and Slaughter
Weight in Swine
Measurement
Inches, Inches2
Year
Hormel Farmer and National Barrow Show
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Targets for Lean GrowthSymbol II
NPPC
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Nutrients What are they?

• Water
• Protein (amino acids)
• Energy
• Minerals
• Vitamins

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Water

• Should be fresh, clean and provided ad libitum.
• Required in the largest quantity of any nutrient.
• Pigs usually consume 2-3 lbs water for every
  pound of feed consumed.
• Water location and source Important.

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Protein (amino acids)

• Crude Ideal Protein
• Amino Acids 10 Essential
• Lysine First Limiting
• Protein Quality

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Energy

• Provided in two forms
  Carbohydrates / Fat
• Carbohydrates
  Grains corn
• Fats Oils
  Needed for fatty acids and Hormones
• Environmental Temperature

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Minerals

• Macro and Micro Minerals
• Bone formation - Ca, P, Mg
• Muscle - Cr
• Environmental issues
• Sources
  Organic vs. Inorganic

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Vitamins

• Two types
• Fat Soluble
• A, D, E and K
• Water Soluble
• B vitamins, Niacin, Biotin, etc.
• Needed in small quantities but extremely
  Important.

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Priority of Nutrients Usage
IV. Fat
III. Muscle
II. Bone
Nutrient Supply
I. Maintenance
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What is Ractopamine? (Paylean)

• Beta antagonist
• Partitions energy from fat to lean growth.
• Not steroid
• Not Biotechnology
• Not a hormone

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Paylean

• Paylean Website
• http//www.elanco.com/
• us/products/paylean/showpiginfo.htm
• FDA approved rate 4.5 to 18 g/ton
• Must be in a complete ration containing 16 CP
• Increase total dietary lysine by 0.3 (4-5 CP)

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What does Ractopamine do? 20 ppm -- 18.0 g/ton
for last 90 lbs. live weight gain.

• Increases fat-free lean growth 34.0
• increases protein accretion 24.0
• improves F/G 14.2
• reduces backfat thickness 13.7
• increases carcass lean mass 11.1
• increases ADG 8.9
• decreases feed intake 5.5
• increases dressing percentage 1.5

Schinkel, 2000
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Paylean
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Caution

• Pigs fed Paylean are at an increased risk for
  exhibiting the downer pig syndrome (also referred
  to as slows, subs or suspects). Pig
  handling methods to reduce the incidence of
  downer pigs should be thoroughly evaluated prior
  to initiating use of Paylean. Not for use in
  breeding swine.

Elanco Animal Health
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Which is the Healthy Liver?
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Conclusion

• Feeding to produce a product Not just for
  Trophies.
• Feed according to requirements and regulations.
• Best of Luck with your Projects.