International Workshop for GODAR WESTPAC

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05 Mar 2002 _at_HD/JCG
International Workshop for GODAR WESTPAC
Global Ocean Data Archeology and Rescue
Scientific Needs from the Carbon Cycle Study
in the Ocean
Toshiro Saino Hydrospheric Atmospheric Research
Center, Nagoya University and Hydrographic
Department, Japan Coast Guard
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International Workshop for GODAR WESTPAC
Oceanographic Data are - taken on site aboard
ships. - Precious and Expensive. - containing
Facts at the time of the observation. -
obtained with methods varying with time,
group, etc., and hence meta data are
important. - suffering from under-sampling
problem.
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International Workshop for GODAR WESTPAC
In Old Good Days Most Carbon Cycle Studies
were to get mechanistic understanding of
the processes. And Qualitative, or
semi-quantitative, description of the
system was obtained.
Under Global Climate Change Carbon Cycle in
the Oceans is an important part of the
Life Support System of the Planet Earth.
Prediction of Variability is required.
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International Workshop for GODAR WESTPAC
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International Workshop for GODAR WESTPAC
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International Workshop for GODAR WESTPAC
Future Research on Biological and Chemical
Aspects of Global Change in the Ocean (Ocean
Future)
Issue 1 What controls the time-varying
biogeochemical state of the ocean system and how
will it change in response to Global
Change? Issue 2 How will marine food webs
respond to Global Change? Issue 3 How does the
accumulation of carbon in the ocean respond to
global environmental change?
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International Workshop for GODAR WESTPAC
Key Words ecosystem response and feedback to
Climate Change temporal and spatial
variability coastal region and human
activity quantitative estimation and/or
prediction
Needs Globally networked High Frequency Long
Term Time Series Observations. Histo
rical Data Sets for Variability longer than
Decadal Time Scale.
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Long term change in lower trophic level
environments in the Western subtropical Pacific
Gyre
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Long term change in lower trophic level
environments in the Western subtropical Pacific
Gyre
Variation of Surface Mixed Layer, Wind Stress and
Monsoon Index in Winter
The winter MLD varies with wind stress
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Long term change in lower trophic level
environments in the Western subtropical Pacific
Gyre
Variation of MLD, Nitrate, and S Chl in winter
and S Chl in spring
Deeper MLDgtHigher Nitrategt Lower Chl a in
wintergtHigher Chl a in spring
Increased Productivity
Stronger Wind
Flux
Standing Stocks
Flux
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Long term change in lower trophic level
environments in the Western subtropical Pacific
Gyre
Variation of MLD, Nitrate, Phosphate and S Chl in
winter
Different behavior of Nitrate and Phosphate. What
happened?
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Long term change in lower trophic level
environments in the Western subtropical Pacific
Gyre
Ecosystem Change in the Eastern Tropical Pacific
Gyre (Results from HOT observation D.M.Karl)
Appearance of Nitrogen fixer shifted Ecosystem
from N-limited to P-limited
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Long term change in lower trophic level
environments in the Western subtropical Pacific
Gyre
Frequency of NO3/PO4 gt16 waters appearance
(upper) and water density of its appearance
(bottom) Left winter, Right spring
Appears only in 1980s in the Subtropical Mode
Water Nitrogen Fixation? Why is it returned?
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Long term change in AOU and nutrients in the
western subarctic Pacific
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(No Transcript)
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Ecosystem change in the Japan Sea 70s - 90s
Fig. 1
Grazing Chain dominance
From..
Microbial Loop dominance
To