Growing Energies

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Growing Energies Scaling Frontiers in Nuclear
Physics Past, Present and Future S. Kailas
A. Shrivastava Bhabha Atomic Research Centre
Mumbai
Growth in Accelerators Instrumentation
Borderless Research - HEP, NP AP
National International Collaborations
Facilities in national labs teaching
institutions Growing number of Research
scholars scientists Substantial Funding
Past - before 1988 Present - 1988 -2008
Future- beyond 2008
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GROWTH OF ACCELERATORS For Nuclear Physics
Research
RIB
HIGH I, HIGH E (ADS)
Superconducting Cyclotron
ECR based Injector to SC Linacs LEHIPA
Medical Cyclotron
SC Linac Pelletrons
14 MeV neutrons, Photo neutrons From Microtrons
Folded Tandem Ion Accelerator
2000
3 MV Pelletrons
15 MV Pelletron
14 MV Pelletron
ECR based Cyclotron
1980
K 130 AVF, PU cyclotron
2 MV IIT Tandem
1970
5.5 MV Van de Graaff
1 MV Cascade Generator,SINP cyclotron
1950
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Accelerator Map of India
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Light Heavy Ions For Nuclear Physics Research
L I GHT H E A V Y I ON S
Isobaric Analogue Resonances Nuclear Spectroscopy
of Low Lying States Coulomb ex Nuclear Optical
Model at Sub-Coulomb energies CP,n-fission
1 MV (CG) TIFR 5.5 MV(VDG) BARC PU
cyclotron IIT(Kanpur)
VERY LOW E 1 to - 5.5 MeV
Quasi Molecular Resonances High Energy
Gammas Nuclear Fission
LOW E 30 MeV p 80 MeV ?
K 130 (VEC) VECC
Sub-Barrier Fusion Pre-Equilibrium Fission High
Spin Spectroscopy GDR IMF Breakup
Orbiting Pheno.
14 MV(Pellet) (TIFR) 15MV(Pellet) (IUAC) HI (VEC)
VECC IOP,FOTIA
MEDIUM E 1 - 7 MeV/A

• HIGH E
• 10 -50
• MeV/A

DIC QF Weakly Bound Proj. Multifragmentation
LGP PEQ Spectroscopy of HN LN RIB Nuclei
at Extreme Ex, J , T A
SC Linac (TIFR,IUAC) SCC (VECC) ECR SC Linac
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Nucleus a finite many body quantum system
100 Sn ( p50,n50) 132 Sn (p50, n82)
1 s
40 s
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Isobaric Analogue Resonances in 80Se (p,n)80Br
55Mn (p,n)55Fe
Nucl.Phys A315,157 (1979) Phys. Rev.C 18, 1178
(1978)
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Proton Optical Model at Sub-Coulomb Energies
Medium Weight nuclei
Phys. Rev.C 20, 1272 (1979)
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Anomalous Behaviour of Proton induced fission at
Sub Coulomb Energies
Phys.Rev.Lett. 58, 1520 (1987)
Using BARC - VDG
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Alpha Induced Fission of U
Fragment Mass Distribution Fragment
Kinetic Energy Distribution

Nucl. Phys. A463, 597 (1987)
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Fragment Angular Momenta in alpha induced fission
of 238 U
Phys.Rev.C38, 1787 (1988)
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High Energy Gammas in alpha induced reactions -
Ultra Dipole Emission
Phys. Rev. C 48, 2845 (1993)
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Intermediate Width Structures in 12C 16O system
through alpha induced reactions on 24Mg in the
energy range E? 26 37 MeV
Phys.Rev.C 39, 1856 (1989)
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Intermediate Mass Fragments Emission
in the reaction
96 MeV 19F on 12C
Pelletron VEC
Phys. Rev. C 54, 3099 (1996)

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Projectile Breakup Studies
Nucl.Phys.A 646,161(1999)
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Sub- Barrier Fusion - Collective Degrees of
Freedom
Phys.Rev.C 65,014614(2001)
IUAC HIRA
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Observation of Unexpected Orbiting Behaviour
for 16O 89Y and 16O 93Nb Reactions
(but not in 12C93Nb) Phys.Rev. C68, 051602 (R
) 2003


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Charge, Mass Angular Distributions for 20Ne
induced fission of 208Pb
Phys.Rev.C 69, 024613 (2004)
E 102 114 MeV
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High Spin Spectroscopy
Spin of 51 / 2 In 155 Tm
Nucl.Phys. A 794, 1 (2007)
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High Spin state ( 41 / 2 ) in 139 Nd
Phys. Rev.C 76, 014306 ( 2007)
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Entrance Channel Dependence of
Fission Fragment Anisotropy
11B237Np, 12C236U, 13C235U,
and 16O232Th.
? 0.911 0.903
0.895 0.871
?(AT AP) / (AT AP)
Phys.Rev.C 77, 021601( R ) (2008)
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Giant Dipole Resonance Width variation with J
28Si 124Sn ? 154Gd
20Ne 93Nb ? 113Sb
E145 160 MeV ECR VEC
E 150 MeV Pelletron SC Linac
Nucl. Phys. A 770,126(2007) Phys.
Rev.C77, 024318(2008)
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Fission time scale from prescission n, p and
alpha in 28Si 175Lu
159 MeV Si beam Mumbai Pelletron SC Linac n
emission Different from p, Alpha emission in
deformation space
Phys. Rev. C 73, 064609 ( 2006)
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Fission Hindrance through ER and Spin
distribution data 16O 184W ----- 200Pb
E 84 to 120 MeV Large value of viscosity found
Phys. Rev. C 74, 064603 (2006)
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RIB induced reactions 7Be, 7Li 27Al Fusion
Mumbai Delhi Pelletrons
Phys. Rev.C 73,024609(2006)
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Direct and compound reactions induced by stable
and unstable He
He 4 (Mumbai) He 6, 8 (Ganil)

Phys.Rev.C 70, 044601 (2004)
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Breakup and Transfer breakup
Study of breakup mechanism in 7Li 65Cu
7Li ( at cluster) s(ad) gt s(at)
Transfer-Breakup
observed correlation between Ea and Ed proved
Breakup
neutron transfer followed by breakup 7Li 65Cu
? 6Li 66Cu ?
a d
not
7Li ? adn, Q-8.8 MeV
Multi step Breakup gt Direct Breakup
Phys.Letts.B 633 (2006)
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Low cross section measurement
6,7Li198Pt at deep sub barrier energies
Offline g counting inside low background setup
Using Novel method KX- g ray coinc to reduce
bkg Lowest ER x-sec 20 nb
d-capture gt 1n transfer
At deep subbarrier energies Incomplete fusion
(d-capture) gtgt complete fusion
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Fission and binary fragmentation reactions in
80Se 208Pb, 232Th
Legnaro facility
Phys. Rev. C 75, 024604 (2007)
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Future directions
Low to High Energies ? Light to Heavy
Nuclei Reaction and Dynamics -
From Mean field to N N
interaction Limits of stability Ex, J ,
isospin, A PEQ emission EC, IP
Mechanism for fragment formation
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Future Directions
Multifragmentation Precursor to and evidence
for LGP QF,DIC,Fission Dynamics, dissipation,
SHE Physics of and with Weakly bound Stable and
Radioactive projectiles New Symmetries,
spectroscopy of LN and HN Nuclear astrophysics
More THEORY !!!!!
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R.K.Bhandari Cyclotron
B q mv / R
R
RF ? q B/M
K
B
E K q2 / A
Happy 60 th Birthday to Dr. R.K.Bhandari
From all of us from BARC