Part Opener p'331

1
Classification based on evolutionary
relationships. Bird fossil 50 million years old.
Part Opener p.331
2
Alexander the Great, 336-23 B.C. May have died
of Bird Flu.
Fig. 21-1, p.332
3
Virus detected in gt 150 species of birds and
mammals.
p.333
4
The spread of West Nile virus in birds, 2001 and
2002. (Envir. Biol. Cunningham, et.al.)
5
Bacteria are prokaryotes. Humans are?
Table 21-1, p.334
6
coccus
bacillus
spirillum
Bacterial shapes. One of several ways of
classifying bacteria.
p.334
7
Staining bacteria divides most of them into two
groups Gram positive (cell wall stain
purple) Gram negative (cell wall stained pink)
Fig. 21-4, p.335
8
Prokaryotes divide by fission (not mitosis, nor
meiosis). Note that the bacterial DNA is not in
a nucleus, and it is attached to the Plasma
membrane.
Stepped Art
Fig. 21-5, p.335
9
Classification of prokaryotes into two domain,
Bacteria and Archaea, based on biochemical
analyses, especially ribosomal RNA.
to ancestors of eukaryotic cells
DOMAIN BACTERIA
DOMAIN BACTERIA
biochemical and molecular origin of life
A genetic divergence occurred shortly after life
originated.
p.337
10
Bacteria diversified over the next 3 billion
years. Note forerunners of mitochondria and
chloroplasts, and cyanobacteria. These three
groups are very important for the evolution of
life on Earth.
Fig. 21-7a, p.338
11
resting spore
photo-synthetic cell
heterocyst
Fig. 21-8a, p.339
12
Fig. 21-8b, p.339
13
Fig. 21-8c, p.339
14
DNA
spore coat
capsule around cell wall
Fig. 21-8d, p.339
15
Fig. 21-10, p.340
16
Fig. 21-11b, p.340
17
Fig. 21-12a, p.341
18
Fig. 21-12b, p.341
19
Fig. 21-14a, p.343
20
Fig. 21-14b, p.343
21
Fig. 21-14c, p.343
22
Fig. 21-14d, p.343
23
65nm diameter head, 225 nm total length
DNA
protein coat
sheath
base plate
tail fiber
Fig. 21-13c, p.342
24
viral coat (proteins)
reverse transcriptase
100-120 nm diameter
viral RNA
lipid envelope proteins span the envelope, line
its inner surface, spike out above it
Fig. 21-13d, p.342
25
Fig. 21-16, p.345
26
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
p.346a
27
SARS virus
p.346b
28
Table 21-3, p.345
29
Ebola virus
p.346c
30
Fig. 21-18a, p.349
31
Fig. 21-18b, p.349
32
Fig. 21-18c, p.349