Nomenclature

1
Nomenclature

• Chapter 5

2
Good News and Bad News

• Good News
• No calculations!
• Bad News
• Memorization!

3
Common Names

• Sugar of lead
• Lead acetate
• Blue vitriol
• copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate, CuSO45 H2O.
• Quicklime
• CaO
• Epsom salts
• MgSO47H2O
• Milk of magnesia
• Mg(OH)2
• Gypsum
• CaSO4
• Laughing gas
• N2O

4
Naming Compounds

• Binary Compounds
• Metal with a nonmetal
• Two nonmetals

5
Binary Ionic Compounds

• Contains a metal ion and a nonmetal ion
• Cations are positive (metals) and written 1st
• Anions are negative (usually nonmetals) and
  written 2nd
• Table 5.1 (need to know)
• Notice that Hydrogen can be a cation or an anion!
• Anions change ending to ide

6
Type I Compounds

• Metal can form only one ion
• Metals are from groups 1 and 2 only
• Easiest to name
• Three simple rules

7
Rules for Type I Compounds

1. The cation is always names first and the anion is
   named second.
2. To name the cation, use the element name.
3. Anions have the ending changed to ide.

8
Examples

• NaCl
• Sodium Chloride
• KI
• Potassium Iodide
• CaS
• Calcium Sulfide
• CsBr
• Cesium Bromide
• MgO
• Magnesium Oxide

9
Your Turn

• Cs2O
• BeF
• Al2O3
• AgCl

10
Type II Ionic Compounds

• Contains a cation that can have more than one
  charge
• Almost always a transition metal
• Examples
• Copper can be 2 or 1
• Iron can be 2 or 3
• Tin can be 2 or 4
• See table 5.2 P133

11
Rules for naming type II

• Name the metal as an element followed by the
  charge in Roman Numerals in parenthesis.
• Name the anion as usual.
• How do you find the charge?
• MnO2

12
Examples

• Fe2O3
• Iron (III) oxide
• HgO
• Mercury (II) oxide
• PbCl2
• Lead (II) chloride
• CuCl2
• Copper (II) chloride

13
Your Turn

• SnCl2
• PbF2
• Co2O3
• CuO

14
Type III Binary Compounds

1. The first element is named using the full element
   name
2. The second element is named as an anion
3. Prefixes are used to denote the numbers of atoms
   of each type present. See table 5.3 on P 137
4. The prefix mono is never used for naming the
   first element.

15
Examples

• BF3
• Boron Trifluoride
• N2O3
• Dinitrogen trioxide
• NO
• Nitrogen monoxide
• CO
• Carbon monoxide
• CO2
• Carbon dioxide

16
Your Turn

• NO2
• P4O6
• SF6
• N2O3

17
Naming Binary Compounds
Binary Compound?
Yes
Metal Present?
Yes
No
Type III Prefixes
Does the Metal form more than one cation?
Yes
No
Type II Roman Numerals
Type I
18
Polyatomic Ions

• Ions with more than one atom type
• Can be cations or anoins
• See table 5.4 p 142

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Oxyanions

• Contain an element combined with oxygen in
  different proportions
• Example
• NO2 and NO3
• Use ite and ate respectively

20
Worst Case Scenario

• ClO-
• ClO2-
• ClO3-
• ClO4-

• Hypochlorite
• Chlorite
• Chlorate
• Perchlorate

21
Examples

• Na2CO3
• CsClO3
• CuNO3
• FePO4

22
Your Turn

• BaSO3
• NaClO4
• KMnO4
• Na3PO4

23
Naming Acids

• When dissolved in water produce a H
• Common acids
• Citric Acid
• Vinegar contains acetic acid

24
Rules for Naming

• Does it contain oxygen?
• If it does not contain oxygen, add the prefix
  hydro and the suffix acid to the element.
• If it contains oxygen,you add the suffix ic or
  ous and acid.
• Ate goes to ic
• Ite goes to ous

25
Examples

• HCl
• HCN
• H2S
• H2SO4
• H2SO3

26
Your Turn

• HClO4
• H3PO4
• HNO3
• HNO2

27
Last Slide!

• You need to know tables 5.5 and 5.6
• All the variations of halogen acids (not just
  chlorine (F, Br and I)
• Key terms