Alliance of Small Island States

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Alliance of Small Island States

• By Amy Kemp,
• Justin Carter,
• James Keiner,
• Sara Medeiros

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• How would you feel if you were forced out of your
  home into an unknown place where you were not
  welcomed because of a climate change that could
  have been prevented?

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AOSIS

• Tuvalu
• 11,000 citizens
• Rejection

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AOSIS

• Formed in 1990
• Coalition of Small Islands and low lying coastal
  countries that share similar development
  challenges and concerns about the environment,
  especially their vulnerability to the adverse
  affects of global climate change.
• 43 state members
• Supported by the United Nations

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AOSIS

• People Affected
• Coastal Lands
• Islands
• Beach Front Property
• 20th Century
• Sea level rose 20-30 cm
• IPCC
• Expected to rise one meter during this century

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AOSIS

• Causes of Rising Sea Levels
• Glaciers melting
• Extreme Weather Patterns
• Flooding
• Cyclones
• Hurricanes

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AOSIS

• Consequences
• Loss of Land
• Washington DC
• Florida
• Refugees
• Immigration
• Health
• Economy

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AOSIS

• The AOSIS position has always been to get the
  tightest control on global emissions as their
  countries seem to be most at threat from the
  impacts of global warming.

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AOSIS

• Immediate and complete participation
• If we wait for proof, the proof will kill us.
• Ambassador of St. Lucia
• Implement Kyoto
• Significant role in Kyoto
• International Law

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AOSIS

• Preventative Action
• Precaution
• Differentiated Responsibility
• Polluter Pays Principle
• Justice

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Economic Opportunities

• Opportunities
• Middle class jobs
• New Technology
• Cost savings
• Gasoline
• Heating bills

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Economic Problems
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http//freegeographytools.com/2007/high-resolution
-sea-level-rise-effects-in-google-earth
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Clean Air

• Reduction in illness
• West Nile
• Lyme disease
• Heart related Deaths

• Elderly
• Young

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Problem with Kyoto

• Germany reunified in 1990
• Prior to this East Germany was very dirty
• Kyoto committed countries to reduce emissions to
  below 1990 levels
• Their levels were so high in 1990 because of East
  Germany it was not hard for them to clean up
  after their reunification

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Problem Continued

• In the United Kingdom the use of natural gas
  caused a phase-out of the coal industry
• By using natural gas they were able to reduce
  their CO2 emissions drastically
• The EU then could apportion emissions to other
  nations
• Very large net increases in some cases

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Combating Global Warming

• Include developing nations in the protocol
• All polluters must act now
• We cant allow even developing nations to pollute
  or we will never reach our goals
• India and China will be affected if they do not
  make cuts

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Trade

• Government issued permits allotting each company
  an emissions cap
• Companies could trade emissions like stock
• Free market trade
• One set amount of emission for entire planet and
  could trade to keep the total emissions below
  this level

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How to actually reduce global warming

• Recycle
• - make this a bigger concept
• Decrease Air conditioning and heat
• - keep settings at a reasonable temp
• 3. Replace light bulbs with compact fluorescent
  light bulbs
• Drive less
• - carpool more
• 5. Purchase Energy efficient products

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Reducing Global Warming

• 6. Decrease the use of hot water
• 7. Turn things off when they are not in use
• 8. Plant more trees trees consume the CO2
• 9. Get a report card from the Utility company
• 10. Share information about conservation

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Kyoto Protocol

• Needs to be ratified
• Need to have more support from the larger
  nations including the U.S Australia
• Have to include China and India
• The baseline change needs to be raised to 20- 50
• Put more restrictions on the leading polluters
• Manage transportation
• Use more renewable energy sources

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Proposal

• Any new framework must build upon the Kyoto
  Protocol, rather than replace it
• The avoidance of climate change impacts on SIDS
  must be a key
• Must ensure long-term temperature stays below 2
  degrees Celsius
• Long term levels of CO2 must be below 450ppm

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Proposal Continued

• Short-term actions will be vital in the success
  of the long-term goals
• No reason not to adopt a more ambitious
  stabilization plan in the short-term
• These actions must be urgent, ambitious, and
  measurable in their effect

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Proposal

• Reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 80 or more
  (1990)
• Create educational programs
• talking about ways to reduce global warming
• Ex. Reduce, reuse and recycle
• Create more fuel efficient transportation
• Hybrid, Fuel cells, E-85, Fuel efficiency
  Electric
• At least 50 mpg
• Find more alternative fuel sources
• Sugarcane, Corn, Ethanol, Biodiesel

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Alternative technology

• General Biomass
• Founded in 1998
• Area of expertise Cellulosic technology
• The idea is to use glucose for fuel ethanol

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The U.S goal for reducing emissions

• Lower emissions from 183 metric tons per million
  dollars of Gross domestic Product in 2002 to 151
  metric tons per million dollars of Gross domestic
  Product in 2012.
• This is voluntary