Finding information for Ccourse in Genetics

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Finding information for C-course in Genetics

• Helen Hed
• http//www.ub.umu.se/tjanste/hehe/

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Contents

• Scientific publication, history
• Search strategies and searching
• Evalution of information
• Databases, demonstration of
• Writing references and citing other peoples work

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History of scientific publication

• Books - printed
• Journals - printed
• Abstract journals
• Electronic journals
• Electronic books

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Recent developments

• From print only to print and electronic
• E-journals
• Print and electronic
• E-version only
• E-books
• P- and e-versions
• E-version only

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Today at Umeå UB

• 7- 8 000 e-journals
• Most are scientific journals
• Access via Umeå UB web site
• Tanstaafl ?
• Open access
• HighWire http//highwire.stanford.edu/
• DOAJ http//www.doaj.org/
• BioMed Central http//www.biomedcentral.com/

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The Publication Process - 1

• Project proposal and project initiation
• research
• Poster / paper at conference
• Manuscript
• Where to publish
• Prepare manuscript for publication
• Peer review
• Article primary publication

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The Publication Process - 2

• Textbooks secondary publications
• Encyclopedias
• New results falcify old truths
• Old data replaced by new when new edition of
  textbook is prepared
• and the cycle continues

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Databases basic types

• Bibliographical databases (db)
• Covers a subject as specified
• For example
• PubMed
• Web of Science
• Chemical Abstracts
• Can have links to fulltext that is located
  somewhere else

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Databases

• Fulltext db
• Contains both the bibliographical data and the
  texts (articles)
• Hybrid db
• are hybrids
• All db-searches are complete
• Each search compares your key words to all
  biblographical entries in the database

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Databases

• Library catalogues
• Are bibliographical databases
• Each library catalogue has in it information
  about all the books, reports, journals, et c, in
  one particular library
• Each search is complete
• All records are compared to your search question

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Alternatives

• Subject guides
• BIOSIS web site http//www.biosis.org/
• BiologyBrowser http//www.biologybrowser.org/
• Ämnesguide Biologi
• http//www.ub.umu.se/amnesguider/biologi/biologi.h
  tm
• Scirus
• http//www.scirus.com/
• Google
• http//www.google.com

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Web searches are

• Never complete
• quick and dirty bad algoritms and incomlete
  indexes results in suboptimal informations
  retrieval
• Search time used to answer your question depends
  on number of concurrent users
• Many users -gt short search
• Few users -gt longer search

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Search strategies

• Quick and dirty
• Useful if you are looking for inspiration,
  synonyms,
• The proper way
• Worth the extra time
• Takes more time to prepare
• Is quicker to execute
• Gives more useful results

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The search process (the proper way)

• Choosing and developing a topic
• Designing the search
• Carrying out the search and evaluating the
  results
• Handling the products of your search

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Preparing for the Search

• Find useful key word
• Dont forget synonyms!
• Dictionaries, encyclopaedias and your text books
  are useful tools
• Select databases
• Always pick more than one
• How many and which depends on subject and level
  of detail

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The Search

• Make test-search(es)
• To test key words and as test of choosen
  databases
• Analyse test search(es)
• Make full literature search
• Save search results for future use
• Reference list
• For comparison

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No hits !?!?

• If a search results in no hits.Maybe You have
• Misspelled one or more search terms
• Used invalid search terms
• Do not give up!
• Check spelling
• Check tesaurus in database
• Try another database
• Ask someone for help (a librarian or your tutor)

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Boolean search

• AND, OR, NOT, NEAR, SAME, ..
• WoS use SAME
• To retrieve hits with two key word in same
  context
• BA use NEAR
• To retrieve hits with two key words in same
  context

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From search result to actual text

• Link from bibliographical information to fulltext
• So easy click -gt click -gt click
• No link to fulltext in the database?
• Check if UB has the journal (p or e) anyway on
  the Journals page on the web
• Or choose another article

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Evaluate

• Have you found the answers you were looking for?
• Do all sources agree?
• Do you feel that you can trust the information
  you have found?

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Getting a copy of the article

• Pdf-format is always preferred when article is
  avaliable as fulltext
• Making a paper copy from p-journal
• Locate the journal (either at the KBC Library or
  the main library)
• copy
• If info about source is not printed on at least
  every second page write that information on the
  copy

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Your favourite bibliographical databases

• Biological Abstracts
• PubMed
• Web Of Science, SCI
• ALBUM
• Libris
• For links to the above see http//www.ub.umu.se/

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Biological Abstracts

• Use latin species namesnot common names
• BIOSIS web site
• http//www.biosis.org
• Tutorials available
• Biology Browser
• http//www.biologybrowser.org/
• Good starting point for finding relevant material
  on the web

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PubMed (1955 present)

• Very simple user interface
• Default search field is a kind of easy search
• Write key words in search field
• Press enter or click on GO
• Limits will allow more specifications but
  excludes new entries from being searched

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PubMed cont.

• Part of a larger set of interlinked databases at
  National Library of Medicine (NLM)
• OMIM database
• Very useful for finding information on human
  genes

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PubMed cont.

• Symbols in front of reference indicates
• Blank symbol
• Reference only
• Symbol with 3 lines
• Reference and abstract
• Symbol with 5 lines and green line
• Reference, abstract and free full text

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PubMed cont.

• History
• Saves your search history
• Details
• Shows you details about the search you made as it
  was performed by PubMed
• Clipboard
• A place where you can place parts of your
  searches while you are searching

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PubMed cont.

• Saving by E-mailing searches
• Choose e-mail in the selection box to the right
  of the send to-button
• Best to make a selection and mark those articles
  you are interested in and save these to the
  clipboard and then e-mail them.

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Web of Science (1986-present)

• 3 parts
• Science Citations Index Expanded
• Social Sciences Index
• Arts Humanities Index
• 3 search forms (actually 4)
• General search
• Cited Reference Search
• Advances Search
• Quick search

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WoS cont.

• TOPIC
• Searches within article titles, keywords and
  abstracts
• Dont enter too many words
• Use boolean operators between words
• AND to include
• OR for synonym search
• NOT to exclude
• SAME join words for phrase

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WoS cont.

• Limits
• Language
• Articles may have abstracts in english even if
  the article is in another language
• Type of publication
• Very useful if you only want review articles
• Source title
• Useful if you want to restrict search to a single
  journal

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WoS cont.

• Search history
• Keeps a record of searches
• Until you log out
• Allows further modification of searches
• Example drug and malaria

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E-books

• E-books are books that you can read online
• Quick-link on UBs homepage
• Ebrary
• link to on http//www.ub.umu.se/infosok/ebooks.ht
  m
• Books in PubMed
• Contains some books that are relevant

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E-books cont.

• NAP national Academy Press
• http//www.nap.edu/info/browse.htm
• Searchable
• Free fulltext
• One page att a time print-out option
• Some free full-text resources
• http//library.com.edu/internet/intsub/bio_gen.htm
  

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List of references

• Allows readers to find and read the same article,
  book chapter, et cetera, as you read
• if they feel they need to check the data you are
  quoting your list of references should make it
  easy!But you are only expected to give a
  reference not a shortcut to the fulltext.

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References data to includefor an article in a
journal

• Author(s)
• Year of publication
• Title
• Source (journal name)
• Volume, issue
• Pages
• Link to web or other e-source (URL or DOI)
• Date of access (when you downloaded)

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Examples

• See Biblioteksguiden for examples
• http//www.ub.umu.se/infosok/distans_guide/modul8/
  8-2.htm
• Also in Att skriva referenser till dokument
  hämtade från Internet
• http//www.ub.umu.se/global/internetref.htm

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Example - Thesis online

• Deutschmann, Mats (2003). Apologising in British
  English. Thesis. Umeå university.
  http//urn.kb.se/resolve?urnurnnbnseumudiva-4
  3 2004-02-05
• Author Year Titel Type of publication and
  place of publication URL Accessed by you
• You have to add info about what part (page(s))
  you are citing
• In this case one proper way to write the citation
  is given to you by the publishers.

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Now its your turn