Public Health Career

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Public Health Career

• Phuong Kim Pham, Ph.D.
• Vietnam Education Foundation
• 2006 Annual Conference of Fellows
• December 27 30, 2006
• University of Texas at Houston

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Overview

• Define public health features, function,
  system, services areas of expertise
• U.S. public health agencies (NIH, FDA, CDC,
  SAMHSA,)
• How to select the best funding organization for
  your research, i.e., NIH
• Public Health training opportunities

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What is public health?

• The science and art of preventing disease,
  prolonging life and promoting health and
  efficiency through organized community effort
  Winslow, 1920

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Public Health Feature

• A focus on prevention as a primary strategy for
  improving health and quality of life
• A collective policy decision-making process that
  includes collaboration
• Interventions and policies that are grounded in
  epidemiology, biostatistics, environmental
  science, management sciences, and behavioral and
  social sciences

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Public Health System
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The Essential Public Health Services (1)

• Monitor health status to identify and solve
  community health problems.
• Diagnose and investigate health problems and
  health hazards in the community.
• Inform, educate, and empower people about health
  issues.

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The Essential Public Health Services (2)

• Mobilize community partnerships and action to
  identify and solve health problems.
• Develop policies and plans that support
  individual and community health efforts.
• Enforce laws and regulations that protect health
  and ensure safety.

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The Essential Public Health Services (3)

• Link people to needed personal health services
  and assure the provision of health care when
  otherwise unavailable.
• Assure competent public and personal health care
  workforce.
• Evaluate effectiveness, accessibility, and
  quality of personal and population-based health
  services.

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The Essential Public Health Services (4)

• Research for new insights and innovative
  solutions to health problems

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Public Health Areas (1)

• Applied and Laboratory Research
• Epidemiology
• Health Communication
• Leadership
• Policy Research and Development
• Prevention Effectiveness
• Public Health Informatics

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Public Health Areas (2)

• Public Health Prevention Practice
• Public Health Training
• Public Health Management Training
• Public Health Law

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Ten Great Public Health Achievements -- United
States, 1900-1999

• Vaccination Motor-vehicle safety
• Safer workplaces
• Control of infectious diseases
• Decline in deaths (coronary heart disease
  stroke)
• Safer healthier foods
• Healthier mothers and babies
• Family planning
• Fluoridation of drinking water
• Recognition of tobacco use as a health hazard

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U.S. Public Health Agencies Department of Health
Human Services

• National Institutes of Health (NIH)
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
• Food and Drug Administration
• Substance Abuse and Mental Health Service
  Administration
• Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality

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The National Institutes of Health27 Institutes
and Centers
NIAID
NIDDK
NIA
NICHD
NHLBI
NCI
NINDS
NIGMS
NIMH
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Office of the Director
National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism
National Institute of Arthritis
and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases
National Cancer Institute
National Institute on Aging
National Institute of Child Health and
Human Development
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious
Diseases
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive
and Kidney Diseases
National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Rese
arch
National Institute on Drug Abuse
National Institute of Environmental Health
Sciences
National Institute on Deafness and
Other Communication Disorders
National Eye Institute
National Human Genome Research Institute
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute
National Institute of Mental Health
National Institute of Neurological Disorders
and Stroke
National Institute of General Medical Sciences
National Institute of Nursing Research
National Center for Complementary and
Alternative Medicine
National Center on Minority Health and Health
Disparities
National Library of Medicine
Fogarty International Center
National Center for Research Resources
National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and
Bioengineering
Center for Information Technology
Center for Scientific Review CSR
Clinical Center
No funding authority
DEFINITION IC Institute - Center
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FY 2006 Budget 28.6 Billion
Research Project Grants 53 15.3 billion
Training 3 761 million
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FY 2005 Funding By Mechanism (dollars in billions)
17 NIH In-House 6,000 Scientists 2.7 Intramural
9.5 1.0 RMS 3.6 1.0 Other (NLM, OD, et
al.) 3.6
Spending at NIH 4.7
TOTAL BUDGET 28.5 Billion
83 Outside NIH (Supports over 212,000 Scientists
Other Personnel) (Supports over 2,800
Institutions Nationwide)
Spending Outside NIH 23.7
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What NIH has to offer?

• Intramural Program Do research as a
  postdoctoral fellow, a guest worker, a
  collaborator,
• Extramural Program Obtain funding to carry out
  research in Vietnam, to collaborate with other
  scientists,

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How Are The NIH Institutes Organized?
Director
Intramural Director
Extramural Director
Intramural Program
Extramural Program
Research Laboratories on NIH Campus and Elsewhere
Divisions/Centers/ Branches (Managing External
Funding)
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NIH Intramural Research(Established 1938)

• NIH Scientists conduct
• their research in laboratories
• located on the main campus
• in Bethesda, and in
  several
• field units across
  the country
• and abroad including
  
• Baltimore, Maryland
  and
• Hamilton, Montana.

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NIH intramural opportunities for VEF fellows

• The NIH Bethesda is the largest research
  organization in the world!
• 6000 scientists
• Over 50 members of the National Academy of
  Sciences, 5 Nobel Prizes
• Intramural scientific programs Research
  Training opportunities
• http//www1.od.nih.gov/oir/sourcebook/sci-prgms/sc
  i-prgms-toc.htm

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FY 2005 Funding By Mechanism (dollars in billions)
17 NIH In-House 6,000 Scientists 2.7 Intramural
9.5 1.0 RMS 3.6 1.0 Other (NLM, OD, et
al.) 3.6
Spending at NIH 4.7
TOTAL BUDGET 28.5 Billion
83 Outside NIH (Supports over 212,000 Scientists
Other Personnel) (Supports over 2,800
Institutions Nationwide)
Spending Outside NIH 23.7
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NIH GRANT PROCESS (1)

• Introduction to NIH funding http//grants.nih.gov/
  grants/intro2oer.htm
• Tips for writing grant applications
  http//grants.nih.gov/grants/grant_tips.htm
  http//www.ninds.nih.gov/funding/grantwriting.htm

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NIH Grant Process (2)

• NIH Funding Opportunities http//grants.nih.gov/gr
  ants/oer.htm
• Peer Review Policy http//grants1.nih.gov/grants/p
  eer/peer.htm
• Center for Scientific Review http//www.csr.nih.go
  v/

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VEF fellows and NIH extramural programs

• A qualified scientist at an institution that can
  provide the needed resources.
• Awards to foreign institutions for projects not
  having comparable research in the U.S.
• NIH Funding for Foreign Investigators GRIP and
  FIRCA

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Know your target organization
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Overview of the NIH Grant Processhttp//www.nih.
gov/
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Cancer Research Funding at NIH

• National Cancer Institute
• National of Allergy Infectious Disease
• National Heart, Lung, and Blood Inst.
• National Inst. of General Med. Sciences
• John E. Fogarty International Center
• Nat. Inst. of Environmental Health Sci.
• Nat. Inst. of Diabetes, Digestive Kidney
  Diseases.
• Nat. Inst. of Dental Craniofacial Research
• Nat. Center for Comp. Alternative Med.

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How do I increase my chance?

• Which institutes my application can be assigned
  to?

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Four Grant Functions at NIH

• Referral
• Review
• Program
• Grants Management

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Applications cover letter
Referral Officer
FIC, NIGMS, NIDDK, NHLBI, NIDCR, NCI, NIAID,
NIEHS,
Scientific Review by
Institute IRG
CSR IRG
or
Council Review
Summary Statement
Applicant
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Pre-Submission Tips

• Know your IC how it works
• Know contact your Program Director
• Be familiar w/ Peer Review Process
• Know communicate with your Scientific Review
  Administrator
• Assess the competition through CRISP
• http//crisp.cit.nih.gov/

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Tip Cover Letter to be included with your
application

• Which study section is best suited to review your
  application? http//www.csr.nih.gov/
• Which institute(s) should your application be
  assigned to? http//www.nih.gov/icd/
• Request the appropriate study section and
  institutes with STRONG JUSTIFICATION based on the
  review expertise your area of research
  proposal.
• Choose your primary Ins. very carefully

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How about foreign scientists?

• Does NIH have any special program for scientists
  in developing countries?

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GRIP

• Young new investigators
• Trained under a Fogarty D43 program
• Trained at an NIH campus for 2 years
• Coming from and returning to a low- or
  middle-income country after U.S. training
• Work on scientific needs of country/region

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What Are Their Websites?

• GRIP (Basic Science) http//grants1.nih.gov/grants
  /guide/pa-files/PAR-03-118.html
• GRIP (Social Science) http//grants.nih.gov/grants
  /guide/pa-files/PAR-05-082.html
• FIRCA http//grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/pa-files
  /PA-02-057.html
• www.fic.nih.gov ? programs and initiatives ?
  research grants ? GRIP or FIRCA

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Financial commitment

• Modular application (a lot less detail required)
• 25,000 each module for up to 2 modules
• Approximately 10 per year

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Institutional Eligibility

• For profit or not-for profit
• Public or private
• Governments
• Faith-based
• Must be foreign institutions from developing
  countries

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Contacts
FIRCA Kathleen Michels, PhD Fogarty International
Center Tel [phone] Michelsk_at_mail.nih.gov
GRIP Aron Primack, MD Fogarty International
Center Tel [phone] primacka_at_mail.nih.gov
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NIH opportunities

• Intramural Program Do research as a
  postdoctoral fellow, a guest worker, a
  collaborator,
• Extramural Program Obtain funding to carry out
  research in Vietnam, to collaborate with other
  scientists,

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Other Funding Organizations

• Bill and Melinda Gate Foundation
  http//www.gatesfoundation.org
• Global Health Council http//www.globalhealth.org
• GrantsNet http//www.grantsnet.org
• Community of Science http//www.sciencewise.com/

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Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

• Is the forefront of public health efforts to
  prevent and control infectious and chronic
  diseases, injuries, workplace hazards,
  disabilities, and environmental health threats.
• Applies research and findings to improve peoples
  daily lives and responds to health emergencies.
• Is one of YOUR potential employers in VN.

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VEF fellows and CDC Public Health

• How VEF fellows prepare for PH career?
  http//www.cdc.gov/phtrain/training_programs.html
• Statistics Postdoctoral Research Program
  http//www.cdc.gov/nchs/employ/postdoc.htm
• Sustainable Management Development Program
  http//www.cdc.gov/smdp/

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January 1st, 2007

• Get into mailing list of Vern Weitzel at
  vern.weitzel_at_undp.org
• Get into mailing list of Science Info.
  scienceinfo17_at_comcast.net
• CDC Global AIDS Program in Vietnam
  http//www.cdc.gov/nchstp/od/Gap/Countries/Vietnam
  .htm

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Then ASAP

• At least 2 years before graduation
• Which specialty?
• With whom do you want to work for? CDC in VN,
  NGOs, University, MOH,
• Where should you get postdoctoral training? With
  whom?
• How? Funding? For how long?
• What? Do you want a career in PH?

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PH Training Opportunities (1)

• At Center for Disease Control and Prevention
  (CDC)
• http//www.cdc.gov/employment/pubhealth.htm
• At American Public Health Association
• http//www.apha.org/career/

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PH Training Opportunities (2)

• Association of Public Health Laboratories
• http//www.aphl.org/training_and_fellowships/
• Association of Public Health Laboratories/CDC
• The Environmental Health (EH) Traineeship and
  Fellowship Program
• http//www.cdc.gov/nceh/dls/pdf/EH_Fellowship_and_
  Traineeship_Application.pdf

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PH Training Opportunities (3)

• Emory Rollins School of Public Health
• http//www.emory.edu/
• http//www.sph.emory.edu/CAREER/stufellowships.php
  
• http//whsc.emory.edu/_pubs/ph/phspr06/hubert.html
  

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PH Training Opportunities (4)

• The Foege Fellowships funded by the Bill and
  Melinda Gates Foundation
• http//www.gatesfoundation.org/GlobalHealth/Announ
  cements/Announce-020625.htm
• Association of Schools of Public Health (ASPH)
• http//www.asph.org/document.cfm?page752

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Future contact

• Phuong Kim Pham, Ph.D.301-594-4398
  (P)301-443-1328 (F)pp64n_at_nih.gov 
• kimpham9_at_cs.com