Basic House Design

1
Basic House Design

• Architectural Unit 1
• Chapter 2

2
Essential Question

• What are some of the different house designs
  styles used?
• Which would be most effective for a person with a
  physical disability?

3
Vocabulary Preview

• Intermediate Level
• Living Level
• One-and-one-half story
• One-story Ranch

• Sleeping Level
• Split Level
• Traffic Circulation
• Two Story

4
(No Transcript)
5
One Story Ranch Style

• Has all living space on one story
• Is called simply a ranch house
• Can have a basement depending on area of the
  country and what the owner wants.
• Has a low pitched roof
• Can be built on a concrete slab, on a crawl
  space, or on a full basement.

6
Disadvantage of a Ranch

• Usually costs more to build then other designs of
  similar square footage
• Cost more because of larger foundation and roof
  needed.
• Requires a larger lot then others designs

• The large foot print can cause heating problems
  in certain areas of the house because of distance
  from furnaces. (Electric heat does not have the
  problem)
• Maintenance cost can be more because of roof size
  and exterior wall surface size

7
(No Transcript)
8
(No Transcript)
9
One and One-Half Story

• This style is sometimes called a Cape Cod.
• It similar to a ranch with the exception that it
  has a steeper roof that provides space for an
  attic. Dormers are used in the attic.
• Dormers are used to provide natural light, air
  circulation, and extra headroom.

10
Advantages

• The cost per unit of habitable space is low.
• Attic can add about a ½ of a first floors worth
  of living space.
• Attics make more living space available.

• It is a versatile design
• Heating cost are minimized due to the smaller
  amount of exterior walls compared to the amount
  of room available
• Cooling can be aided with the use of Louvered
  Ventilators at each end and plenty of insulation

11
Disadvantages and Considerations

• Dormers, stairs, and slightly steeper roofs
  increase the cost of the house.
• Adapting the house for Disabled person increase
  cost.
• Attics can have wasted space.

• When designing a house of this type you must
  consider the following
• Ultimate how many people it will hold
• Designs for expansion of utilities
• Kitchen, living and dining rooms should be
  carefully considered

12
TWO STORY DESIGNS

• More economical to build
• Has smaller roof and foundation but large
  interior space
• May be built on a basement, slab or crawl space

• Heating and cooling is relatively simple.
• Heat will naturally rise from the first floor to
  the second
• Cooling is made easy since there is no ceiling
  directly connected to the roof.

13
Popularity of Two Stories

• Two stories are losing popularity in some parts
  of the country especially in the mid west where
  they were once extremely popular.
• Traditional styles would stand out in some areas.
• But they are still popular in other areas.

14
Disadvantages

• Exterior maintenance is more expensive because of
  height
• Some find stair climbing to be difficult
• Does not allow for versatility

15
(No Transcript)
16
Split level Design
17
Split Level Design

• Split level design came about when there was to
  many hills or to great of a slope to a lot for a
  normal house to be built.
• Works only on extremely hilly areas.
• The general arrangement of split levels separate
  the sleeping, living, and recreational areas of a
  house. There is little or no need for halls in
  this design.

18
Lowest Level (basement)

• This level usually contains the Basement
• The basement may be used to store heating, and
  cooling equipment, be a storage room and even
  possibly a shop or washroom.
• An appropriate sized basement is between 40 and
  60 percent of the house footprint.

19
Basement Level

• A basement may not be necessary/desired in that
  case having a crawl space is necessary for
  maintenance

20
Intermediate Level

• This is the next level up from the basement. It
  is also usually ground level.
• This is where the garage and the recreational
  rooms are located
• May include patios and terraces that enhance the
  recreational area.

21
Kitchen/Living Level

• The Next level up is the living level
• This level contains the kitchen, living room,
  maybe a bathroom.
• It also contains a foyer, mud room, and wash room

22
Sleeping Level

• This is usually the highest level. Because of
  its height it has the most privacy.
• This area usually contains all the bedrooms and
  the bathrooms.

23
Variations of the Split-Level Design

• There are three types of Design Variations
• Side-by-side
• Front-to-back
• Back-to-front.

24
(No Transcript)
25
Side-by-Side

• This is used when the lot slopes from one side to
  another
• This design places the living level on the
  opposite side of the sleeping and intermediate
  level.

26
Front-to-back

• This variation is used with lots that are higher
  in the front and lower in the back.
• This house looks like a ranch from the front and
  a two story from the back
• The living area faces the street and the sleeping
  area are on the second level in the rear.

27
Back-to-Front

• This variation is used when you have a lot that
  slopes from the back to the front.
• The front looks like a two story the rear looks
  like a ranch
• The intermediate level faces the street at grade
  and the sleeping level is above the intermediate
  level.

28
Advantages and Disadvantages

• Advantages
• Works well in sloped lots.

• Disadvantages
• Cost more then a ranch
• Heating can be a problem
• Usually solved with adding additional thermostats

29
Traffic Circulation

• Traffic Circulation is the movement of people
  from one area or room to another
• You plan for maximum efficiency of movement
• Pathways should be short and not pass through
  other rooms

30
Traffic Circulation (continued)

• Foyer should be centrally located on first floor
• Bathrooms and bedrooms should be close together
• Family room and eating areas are the only
  exception to not being passed through

31
Traffic Circulation (Continued)

• Check to see if floor plan is efficient
• If it is not efficient then you need to make
  slight changes to make sure everything is
  efficient

32
(No Transcript)