Le dimensioni dello sviluppo

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Le dimensioni dello sviluppo
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Test di ingresso

• Definizione di sviluppo
• Definizione di crescita

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Cambiamento buono

• Non un semplice miglioramento
• Non una volta per tutte, ma un processo
  cumulativo
• Non solo individuale, ma anche collettivo

• Ricchezza, salute, benessere ecc
• ma non per tutti!

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Differenti significati di sviluppo

• Sviluppo come processo storico di cambiamento
  sociale
• Sviluppo come visione del mondo presente o
  desiderato
• Sviluppo come strategia

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Il programma

• Concetti di base
• Problematiche dello sviluppo
• Strategie dello sviluppo

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Come lavoreremo

• Attività didattiche Lezione in aula,
  discussione, lavori a casa
• Valutazione
• Studenti frequentanti attivi valutazione dei
  lavori fatti a casa e/o presentati in aula
• Studenti non frequentanti o frequentanti
  passivi?Prova finale tema scritto su un titolo
  generale

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Parametri di valutazione

• Dei lavori scritti
• Pertinenza degli argomenti trattati con il tema
• Capacità di analisi comparativa del concetto
• Capacità di collegamento con altri concetti
• Ricchezza di riferimenti bibliografici e
  allattualità
• Stile argomentativo e forma
• Della partecipazione
• Assiduità
• Senso critico
• Capacità analitiche

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Tre anime dello sviluppo

• Componente economica
• Componente sociale
• Componente ambientale

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Date importanti

• 1957 secondo rapporto ONU sulla situazione
  sociale nel mondo
• 1963 istituzione dellUNSRID, Istituto delle
  Nazioni Unite per la ricerca sullo Sviluppo
  Sociale
• 1969 discorso di Dudley Seers in qualità di
  presidente della Società per lo Sviluppo
  Internazionale critica alla crescita
• 1969 ILO e IDS Programma per loccupazione
  mondiale
• 1970 Discorso di David Morse (ILO) conferenza
  sullo sviluppo a Cambridge detronizziamo il pil
• 1972 discorso di Robert McNamara (Banca Mondiale)
  sulla povertà
• 1975 Conferenza mondiale sulloccupazione i
  bisogni fondamentali
• 1992 Agenda 21, Rio
• 1995 Social development, Copenaghen
• 1997 Agenda for development
• 2000 Millennium goals
• 2007 UN agenda for development

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Sviluppo sostenibile

• Sustainable development is a pattern of resource
  use that aims to meet human needs while
  preserving the natural environment so that these
  needs can be met not only in the present, but in
  the indefinite future.
• The term was used by the Brundtland Commission
  which coined what has become the most
  often-quoted definition of sustainable
  development as development that "meets the needs
  of the present without compromising the ability
  of future generations to meet their own needs."1

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2000 - Gli obiettivi del millennio

• Goal 1 Eradicate extreme poverty hunger
• Goal 2 Achieve universal primary education
• Goal 3 Promote gender equality empower women
• Goal 4 Reduce child mortality
• Goal 5 Improve maternal health
• Goal 6 Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria other diseases
• Goal 7 Ensure environmental sustainability
• Goal 8 Develop a global partnership for
  development

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• I risultati al 2005

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Sviluppo, benessere
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Il benessere secondo i poveri

• For women in Tabe Ere in rural Ghana wellbeing
  means security being protected by God, having
  children to give you security in old age, having
  a peaceful mind (tieru villa), patience (kanyir,
  meaning not holding a grudge against anyone), and
  plenty of rain.

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Rural Bangladesh

• For those in Khaliajuri in rural Bangladesh
  having a good quality of life means having
  employment for the whole year, a good house, four
  or five cows, a fishing net, good clothes to put
  on, food to eat to ones hearts content, and
  being able to protect ones house from flood
  erosion. Middle-aged women say that for a good
  quality of life there should be a male member of
  the household earning money, a son for every
  mother, and no husbands pursuing polygamy.

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Rural Indonesia

• A participant from Renggarasi in rural Indonesia
  considers a person to be living well who can
  secure his familys needs with produce from his
  livestock and who is able to help others who need
  material and nonmaterial things or advice.

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Nigeria e Bulgaria

• In Nigeria wellbeing is described by different
  people as being a responsible person who has a
  pleasurable life, peace of mind, security and
  independence, and who is popular with the people,
  is able to marry easily, is able to educate
  children, is able to patronize private clinics
  and schools, and who has money, land, a house and
  good clothes.
• In Bulgaria the major distinctive feature of
  wellbeing is stable employment, which means
  having money as well as security.

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Kyrgyz republic

• In the Kyrgyz Republic, the informants think that
  the basis of wellbeing is good health, peace in
  the family and in the society in their opinion,
  wealth, which is an important component of
  wellbeing, can only be gained if these conditions
  are present. From the Kyrgyz Republic it is also
  reported that most of the informants define
  wellbeing as stability on a household and
  society level and ability to satisfy ones
  material and spiritual needs.

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Bolivia

• In Barrio Las Pascuas in urban Bolivia, a group
  of youths say that those who have a good life are
  those who do not lack food, and those who are
  not worried every day about what they are going
  to do tomorrow to get food for their children.
  They have secure work, and if the husband does
  not work, the wife does. In Nuestra Señora de
  Guadalupe in another part of urban Bolivia young
  men say that, besides having adequate food and
  work, wellbeing is to be friendly and to have
  friends, to have the support of family and
  society, and to be patient, and above all happy.

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Esercitazione 1

• Commentare gli indicatori MDG attraverso la
  scelta di un focus (tematico, geografico,
  globale)
• Power point da presentare in aula
• Indice
• Introduzione la scelta del focus e breve
  illustrazione
• Analisi degli indicatori punti di forza, punti
  di debolezza
• Conclusioni