Bacteria

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Bacteria
By Smit Banker
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(No Transcript)
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Introduction
Since bacteria have no organells surrounded by a
membrane, making them prokaryotic cells.
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As the RNA of bacteria became better understood,
scientists realized that there were two vastly
different types of bacteria. These groups were
so different that there are now two kingdoms of
bacteria.The two kingdoms are Archaebacteria and
Eubacteria.
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• The kingdom Archaebacteria is relatively small,
  consisting of three main phylogenetic groups.
• Methanogens oxygen is a poison to these
  bacteria, so they must live in anaerobic
  conditions. They produce energy by converting H2
  and CO2 into methane gas.
• Extreme Halophiles these "salt-loving" bacteria
  live in environments with a very high salt
  concentration that would kill most other
  bacteria. Extreme halophiles use salt to generate
  ATP for energy.
• Thermoacidophiles these bacteria live in
  extremely acidic environments (pH less than 2)
  that have extremely high temperatures (up to 110o
  C).

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The kingdom Eubacteria contains the bacteria
commonly referred to as germs. This kingdom
contains most of the world's bacteria, divided
into as many as 12 different phyla based on their
evolutionary relationships. Representatives of
this kingdom are the most widely distributed
organisms known to man. While they are most
abundant in temperate environments, (normal human
body temperature is perfect for bacterial
growth), some species are known to live in
environments ranging from temperatures near the
boiling point of water to well below the freezing
point of water.
                               
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Parts of bacteria Cells
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Nutrition

• Most are heterotrophic - use food produced by
  other organisms. Bacteria that feed on dead or
  decaying organic matter are heterotrophic
  bacteria called saprophytes.
• Some are autotrophic - able to produce their own
  food.
• Photoautotrophs - use sunlight as a source of
  energy like plants.
• Chemoautotrophs - use energy from chemical
  reactions to make their food.

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Bacillus Bacteria
E. Coli
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The End