Imperialistic Practices in South America

1
Imperialistic Practices in South America

• Objectives 6.02/6.03

2
Latin America (1880s)

• U.S. also focused on the Americas
• Bought raw materials from them
• They still bought most manufactured goods from
  Europe
• Wanted to change that
• James Blaine (Sec. of State) supported
  Pan-AmericanismU.S. and Latin American countries
  working together

3
Theodore Roosevelt

• Famous due to Spanish-American War
• Became governor of NY in 1898
• McKinley asked him to run as his V.P. in 1900
• Chosen because of his charisma but Republicans
  hoped his loud reform spirit would remain quiet
  as V.P.

4
Election of 1900

• Once again McKinley v. Bryan
• McKinley wins and Roosevelt is V.P.
• Shortly after election, McKinley is assassinated
• Republicans worried about Roosevelt being
  President

5
Roosevelt as President

• Wanted to make U.S. a global power through
  military presence
• MottoSpeak softly but carry a big stick.dont
  necessarily threaten others but let your presence
  be known
• Became known as Roosevelts Big Stick Diplomacy

6
Venezuela (1902)

• Border disputes occurring with England over
  Venezuela and Guyana
• U.S. offered to arbitrateEngland refused
• U.S. claimed England was in violation of the
  Monroe Doctrine
• Pressed England to discuss or face military
  force then they negotiated

7
Panama Canal (1903)

• Canal was believed to be vital to American power
• Hay-Pauncefote Treaty was signed in 1901 which
  gave U.S. exclusive right to build and control a
  canal through Central America
• French had started but abandoned

8
Continued

• French company sold its rights to Panama to the
  U.S.
• Panama was still a part of Columbia
• U.S. offered 10 million and yearly rent to
  construct canal and control it

9
Continued

• Columbians refused offer
• Panamanians not happy they wanted the canal
• Staged uprising for independenceU.S. helped
• Independence was gained
• Many protestedRoosevelt out of line for helping

10
Roosevelt Corollary

• Monroe DoctrineEurope should stay out of Latin
  American affairs
• Roosevelt amended it with his corollary
• U.S. could intervene to maintain economic and
  political stability

11
Dominican Republic (1905)

• Fallen back on debt payments to European
  countries
• U.S. took on the debt

12
Dollar Diplomacy

• Introduced to Dominican Republic during William
  Tafts presidency
• Joining of business interests and diplomatic
  interests between two countries
• In other words, create businesses abroad to help
  both countries

13
Nicaragua (1911)

• U.S. gave loans to help support their shaky
  government
• Rebellion led them to ask for more
• U.S. marines entered to help created new
  customs system
• Stayed until 1925

14
Mexico (1916)

• Not really imperialistic but deals with diplomacy
• Mexican Revolution was occurring
• Pancho Villa was a celebrated general but U.S.
  was not on his side
• U.S. stopped supplying him with weapons

15
Continued

• Made him angry
• Attacked Columbus, New Mexico
• Became known as Pancho Villa Raids
• U.S. sent 6000 troops to find him
• First air combat raid
• Unsuccessful and called off

16
Support and Opposition Continues

• Supporters
• Many Republicans
• Believed in jingoismattitude of aggressive
  nationalism
• Missionary Diplomacyteach less civilized way
  of God

17
Continued

• Opposition
• American Anti-Imperialism League Established 1898
• Opposed annexation on economic, legal and moral
  grounds
• Created in response to U.S. annexation of the
  Philippines