Ethanol

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• BIOELECTRONICS AND SAFETY/SECURITY
• Common aim of much biological/medical
  diagnostic research and security research
• detection of biological organisms and
• organic molecules
• detection of drugs and explosives at
• ports and airports
• detection of drugs in general
• Other areas of medical research, e.g.
  epidemiology, may also play a role in wider
  considerations of chemical and biological
• defence strategies.

Ethanol Methadone Opiates Phencyclidine
II Propoxyphene Salicylate Tricyclic
Antidepressants
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BIOSENSOR TECHNIQUESMAY BE USEFUL
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Most efforts at developing PCR technology have
been aimed at the HTS laboratory where
parallelism and automation are used to maximise
throughput. For point-of-care or field testing,
new approaches are required to allow the rapid
processing of single or low numbers of discrete
samples. Remote testing often requires that the
test has to be carried out by unskilled operators
and it may not be possible, in the field, to
utilise the control measures used routinely
within the lab to minimise contamination. Martin
A Lee, Identification Group, Dstl Porton Down

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Flow through Evanescent Field Immunosensor
Succesfully developed at Dstl Porton Down but
need extensive support to collect, concentrate
and measure the analyte
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Detection of air-borne agents at low
concentrations
Best suited to a large vehicle
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Combined Water Filter and Optical Immunosensor

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MULTI-ANALYTE TESTING COMMONTO BOTH AREAS
EXAMPLE, DRUGS OF ABUSE
Ethanol Methadone Opiates Phencyclidine II
Propoxyphene Salicylate Tricyclic
Antidepressants
Acetaminophen Amphetamine/ Methamphetamine
Barbiturates Benzodiazepines Benzodiazepines-Seru
m Cannabinoids Cocaine Metabolite
Ethanol Methadone Opiates Phencyclidine
II Propoxyphene Salicylate Tricyclic
Antidepressants
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CHEMICALLY SENSITIVE FET CHIP A technique with
potential in multi-gate sensing
ENCAPSULATEDAREA
METALCONTACT PADS
FET (conventional)
BARE GATE OVERLAY WITH THIN FILMCONTAINING
ORGANIC OR BIOMOLECULE, e.g. IONOPHORE
VALINOMYCIN ENZYME PENICILLINASE
50 mm
BARE GATE FETs

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A standard immunoassay procedure
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Low concentration detection essential in both
areas
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CAPILLARY FILL FLUORESCENCE IMMUNOSENSOR
(Manufacture based on LCD cell fabrication)
BUFFER LAYER
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EQUILIBRIUM RESPONSE CURVE Sensitivity lost on
incorporation into CFFD sensor
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• BIOSENSORS AND SAFETY/SECURITY
• Sensitivity - sacrificed - major problem
• Microfluidics looks hopeful but yet to deliver
• Multigate devices
• Several analytes
• High specificity several epitopes
• Lack of a single detector molecule
• array processing e.g. neural net
• Internal calibration

Ethanol Methadone Opiates Phencyclidine
II Propoxyphene Salicylate Tricyclic
Antidepressants